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Estimation of Streamflow (Chapter 7)

Estimation of Streamflow (Chapter 7). Runoff generation. direct runoff R s , surface runoff R i , interflow indirect runoff G, groundwater flow infiltration soil moisture storage interflow percolation --> groundwater Effluent (perennial) vs. influent (intermittent) stream.

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Estimation of Streamflow (Chapter 7)

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  1. Estimation of Streamflow (Chapter 7)

  2. Runoff generation • direct runoff • Rs, surface runoff • Ri, interflow • indirect runoff • G, groundwater flow • infiltration • soil moisture storage • interflow • percolation --> groundwater • Effluent (perennial) vs. influent (intermittent) stream surface runoff infiltration water table percolation groundwater flow interflow

  3. water table Runoff generation (cont’d) flood base (dry weather) flow =

  4. Runoff generation (cont’d) streamflow = direct runoff + indirect runoff (baseflow) N-daysAd0.2 Direct Runoff Indirect Runoff

  5. Types of Runoff Generation Mechanism

  6. How do these runoff mechanisms look like?

  7. Hydrographs of Catchment Outflow:Unit Hydrograph Techniques • hydrograph that produces unit depth of direct runoff from a specified unit duration of excess rainfall • use to predict entire stream flow hydrograph for any given storm • UH derivation • direct method • indirect methods (synthetic UHs)

  8. Given: measured stream flow hydrograph at outlet of; 250 km2 catchment resulting from; excess precipitation occurring in 5-hour period Derive: 5-hour UH for this catchment UH Derivation: Direct Method Example outlet

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