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Cell Membrane

Cell Membrane. The cell membrane consists of a double layer of phospholipids. Attracts Water. Layer 1. Repels Water. Layer 2. Cell Membrane. The cell membrane controls/ regulates what enters and leaves the cell. This allows the cell to maintain homeostasis.

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Cell Membrane

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  1. Cell Membrane • The cell membrane consists of a double layer of phospholipids. Attracts Water Layer 1 Repels Water Layer 2

  2. Cell Membrane • The cell membrane controls/ regulates what enters andleaves the cell. • This allows the cell to maintain homeostasis. • Homeostasis is the process of maintaing a constant/stable internal environment.

  3. Cell Membrane Impermeable • The cell membrane is selectively permeable. It “selects” which substances to allow in and out of a cell. • The cell membrane is permeable to substances that are able to cross the membrane. • Impermeable means substances are unable to cross the cell membrane. Permeable

  4. Cell Transport(Movement Through the Cell Membrane) • Every cell has liquid on the inside and liquid on the outside.

  5. One of the most important functions of the cell membrane is to regulate the movement of molecules from one side of the membrane to the other. The molecules move through a solution which is the cytoplasm of the cell. Cell Transport Yeah! What is cytoplasm? Cytoplasm is the material inside a cell that contains the cell organelles

  6. Cytoplasm is a solution ?????? A liquid mixture of two or more substances in which the molecules of the substance are EVENLY mixed What is a solution? Gets dissolved in a solution What is a solute? Does the dissolving in the solution What is a solvent?

  7. Find A Friend and Think Solutions Think of 4 different solutions. Identify the solute and solvent in your solutions. Write down and turn in!

  8. Types of Cellular Transport Passive Transport cell doesn’t use energy Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion Osmosis Active Transport cell does use energy Endocytosis Exocytosis Weeee!!! high low This is gonna be hard work!! high low

  9. Diffusion Across Cell Membrane

  10. Passive TransportDiffusion • In a solution, molecules move constantly. • Molecules tend to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. • This process ( moving from high to low) is called diffusion. • Diffusion does not require energy.

  11. Passive TransportFacilitated Diffusion • Does not require energy • Facilitated Diffusion: movement of certain molecules across the cell membrane with the assistance of a protein channel. Protein Channel

  12. Passive TransportOsmosis • Osmosis: the diffusion of WATER across the cell membrane. • Water will move across the cell membrane until equilibrium is reached. • Three ways cells are effected by osmosis: • Hypotonic • Hypertonic • Isotonic

  13. OsmosisHypotonic Solution • Hypotonic: more water on the outside of the cell than the inside. • Water will diffuse from high to low causing water to enter the cell • This will cause the cell to swell and burst. • Cytolysis: the bursting of a cell Normal Blood Cell Blood Cell in Hypotonic Solution

  14. Hypotonic Solution VideoBlood Cells http://www.linkpublishing.com/video-transport.htm#Blood-_Hypotonic_Solution

  15. Notebook Break 1) What “word” do you ALWAYS associate (think of) with osmosis? Water 2) In a hypotonic solution does a cell shrink or swell? The cell will swell. 3) What causes the cell to shrink or swell? The solution of water is greater on the outside of the cell so water will enter the cell. 4) What is cytolysis? The bursting of a cell

  16. How can you remember thata hypotonic solution makesa cell get bigger? • Hypo = Hippo • A hippo drinks lots of water and can be very BIG. • Hypo/Hippo makes a cell get bigger!

  17. OsmosisHypertonic Solution • Hypertonic: more water on the inside of the cell than the outside of the cell. • Water will diffuse from high to low causing water to leave the cell • This will cause the cell to shrink. • Plasmolysis: the shrinking of a cell. Normal Blood Cell Blood Cell in Hypertonic Solution

  18. Hypertonic Solution VideoRed Blood Cells http://www.linkpublishing.com/video-transport.htm#Blood_-_Hypertonic_Solution

  19. How can you remember thata hypertonic solution makesa cell get smaller? • Hyper = Hyper kid in class. • The teacher “kicks” the hyper kid out and the class size gets SMALLER (one less student) • Hyper/Hyper kid makes a cell get smaller!

  20. OsmosisIsotonic Solution • Isotonic: same amount of water on both the outside and inside of a cell. • Water flows evenly across the cell membrane • Cell is its normal size

  21. Isotonic Solution VideoRed Blood Cells http://www.linkpublishing.com/video-transport.htm#Blood_-_Isotonic_Solution

  22. How can you remember thata isotonic solution makesa cell stay in a state of equilibrium? • Iso = “ I so HAPPY! • The amount water both inside and outside the cell are the same. It’s equal on both sides! • This mean the cell is “happy!”

  23. How well do you know your solutions in a cell? Identify each illustration as hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic. 2. 3. 1. 4. 6. 5.

  24. Active Transport • Requires energy • Movement from an area of low to high concentration • Two types of Active Transport: Endocytosis Movement of material into the cell En = In the cell Exocytosis Movement of material out of the cell Ex = Exit the cell

  25. EndocytosisSingle celled organism engulfing food Phagocytosis: a very large particle moving across the cell membrane

  26. Exocytosis

  27. Osmosis Activitiy

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