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Basic Electronics Review

Basic Electronics Review. B. Furman 28JAN2014. Learning Objectives. Items to focus on this week Lab 1 PortMaster build HW 1 and Questionnaire due Thursday Term Project overview Explain in simple terms what is meant by: Voltage Current Ground Resistor, Capacitor, Inductor Impedance

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Basic Electronics Review

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  1. Basic Electronics Review B. Furman 28JAN2014

  2. Learning Objectives • Items to focus on this week • Lab 1 • PortMaster build • HW 1 and Questionnaire due Thursday • Term Project overview • Explain in simple terms what is meant by: • Voltage • Current • Ground • Resistor, Capacitor, Inductor • Impedance • Power • Determine equivalent series and parallel impedances • Explain the significance of a voltage divider • Derive an expression for the impedance of a capacitor

  3. PowerSource Controller(Hardware & Software) SignalConditioning PowerInterface UserInterface Actuator Sensor System toControl ME 110 ME 136 ME 154 ME 157 ME 182 ME 189 ME 195 Mechatronics Concept Map ME 106 ME 120 ME 106 ME 190 ME 187 ME 106 INTEGRATION ME 106 ME 120 ME 106 ME 154 ME 157 ME 195 ME 120 ME 297A BJ Furman 22JAN11

  4. Lab 1 – Intro to the Mechatronics Lab Read and prepare Take the pre-lab quiz

  5. PortMaster Solder practice Bit manipulation and port IO learning

  6. HW 1 and Questionnaire When are they due? Hard and softcopy

  7. Term Project Overview Video sample of previous projects

  8. Key Concepts • Take out a sheet of paper • Explain the concepts in terms that a 6th grader could understand • First, work on your own, then, introduce yourself to someone you have NOT met yet, and share your answers. • Voltage • Ground • Current • Resistor • Capacitor • Inductor • Impedance • Power

  9. A B R1 “High” pressure + R2 Vi C “Low” pressure R3 D Basic Electronics Review - 1 • Voltage – put it in terms that a 6th grader could understand • “Pressure” • Pressure on electric charge (e-). Units are in Volts • Urges charge to ‘flow’ • Measured relative to a reference pressure level • An “across” quantity – we measure it across two points (Don’t say ‘the voltage through…’) Voltage source acts like a pump Ground is often taken as the low pressure point, but any point could be taken as ‘ground’ ex. VAD = Vi = -VDA

  10. A B R1 “High” pressure + R2 Vi C “Low” pressure R3 D Basic Electronics Review - 2 • Current – put it in terms that a 6th grader could understand • “Flow” • Flow of electric charge (e-). Units are in Amps • The response of charge to applied voltage • Need a complete circuit for current to flow • A “through” quantity – we measure it through an element We will assume ‘conventional’ current flow – positive charges flow out of the + terminal and return to the - terminal I

  11. A B R1 “High” pressure + R2 Vi C “Low” pressure R3 D Basic Electronics Review - 3 • Resistor – put it in terms that a 6th grader could understand • “Flow restriction” (causes a pressure (voltage) drop across it), an impedance • Drinking a milkshake through a straw • Small diameter straw – high resistance • Causes large pressure drop • Large diameter straw – low resistance • Causes small pressure drop • Units are in Ohms • Dissipates power in heat!

  12. V,volts V R R increasing I, Amps I R Basic Electronics Review - 4 • Ohm’s Law (know it cold!) • V=I*R • A relationship between current and voltage for a resistor • The slope of the V-I line • The voltage drop across a resistor is proportional to the current through it

  13. Basic Electronics Review - 5 Original Circuit Equivalent Circuit A A R1 + + Vi R2 Vi Req R3 D D

  14. Any circuit I A B R1 + R2 Vi C R3 D Basic Electronics Review - 6 • Power (units are in Watts) • P = I2R = (V/R)2R = V2/R • P = I2R = I2(V/I) = IV • Note: can calculate thepower required for anycircuit by measuring I andV and taking their product

  15. Capacitor V + - • Capacitor– put it in terms that a 6th grader could understand • “Accumulator”, water tank • Pressure storage. Stores energy in an electric field • Voltage across the leads takes time to build up. Units of capacitance are Farads

  16. Inductor V + - i • Inductor – put it in terms that a 6th grader could understand • “Flywheel, merry-go-round” • An inertia. Stores energy in a magnetic field • Tries to oppose changes in current flow. Units of inductance are Henrys

  17. The Voltage Divider + R1 Vi A VA R2 D • Consider two resistances in series • What is VA in terms of • Vi, R1 and R2

  18. So what? Why is this important? • Voltage dividers can be used to set a voltage level somewhere between a given supply voltage and ground • If significant current is desired, it is better to use a power supply or voltage regulator Voltage divider effect occurs whenever one circuit is connected to another

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