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Medical Paradigm Social Paradigm Society-Person Dichotomy Person as Focus Environment as Focus

Medical Paradigm Social Paradigm Society-Person Dichotomy Person as Focus Environment as Focus. Medical paradigm. Defines disability as pathological medical condition Primary obstacle to person’s social integration Originates in bodies of individuals Focus of problem is on the person

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Medical Paradigm Social Paradigm Society-Person Dichotomy Person as Focus Environment as Focus

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  1. Medical Paradigm Social Paradigm Society-Person Dichotomy Person as Focus Environment as Focus Cathy Chambless, Utah State University

  2. Medical paradigm • Defines disability as pathological medical condition • Primary obstacle to person’s social integration • Originates in bodies of individuals • Focus of problem is on the person • Fails to recognize socially created factors that limit person’s capacity to perform certain roles Cathy Chambless, Utah State University

  3. Social paradigm • Defines disability as society’s response to persons who “look or function in nonstandard ways.” • Focus is on environment • Difficulties in social, vocational functioning are created by • Devaluation • discrimination Cathy Chambless, Utah State University

  4. Society-Person Dichotomy • Is disability intrinsic to the person? • Or is it a socially created problem? • Are these paradigms mutually exclusive? • Can you hold both of these views at the same time? Cathy Chambless, Utah State University

  5. In Rehabilitation Counseling • This course will use both conceptualizations of disability • Internal characteristics of individuals • Physical • mental • External, socially constructed barriers • Architectural • Socioeconomic • policy Cathy Chambless, Utah State University

  6. Review: Dichotomous view of disability • Dichotomy – division into two parts or kinds; division into two exclusive, opposed or contradictory groups (e.g., thought and action, body and mind) • Person vs. the Environment • “Fix” the person or “fix” the environment?? Cathy Chambless, Utah State University

  7. Characteristics of the person with disability Personality Skills Education level Experience Life Work Disability Examples of Interventions Counseling Insight Affective adjustment Skills training Teaching new behaviors Basic education Reading, writing Work experience Person as focus Cathy Chambless, Utah State University

  8. Characteristics of the environment Architectural barriers Communication barriers Modes of expression technology Programmatic barriers Entrance requirements Performance reqrmnts Examples of Interventions Building modifications, e.g., ramps, wider aisles Large print, Braille, sign language interpreters Change procedures, e.g., testing requirements Environment as the focus Cathy Chambless, Utah State University

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