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Puritans and Massachusetts Bay Pages 94-97. Puritans. Puritans, a religious group, left England between 1630-1640 Escaping bad treatment from King James I Wanted to purify and reform their practices. The Great Migration. The puritans leaving England is known as the “Great Migration”
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Puritans • Puritans, a religious group, left England between 1630-1640 • Escaping bad treatment from King James I • Wanted to purify and reform their practices
The Great Migration • The puritans leaving England is known as the “Great Migration” • Why do you think it was called “the great” migration…..? • Thousands of puritans left their homeland to find new settlements • 20,000 crossed the Atlantic to New England • Many puritan merchants invested in the Massachusetts bay company
Traveling the distance • 1629- the Massachusetts bay company received a royal charter to land in New England • 1630- 11 well supplied ships carried 1,000 passengers • Well prepared, did not suffer through starving time
Massachusetts bay colony • John Winthrop was the colonies Puritan Governor • Basic unit of commonwealth of the colony was congregation (group of people who belong to the same church) • Congregations set up their own towns – meeting house was most important building in town (town meetings, self-government, laws) • Only male church members could vote or hold office
Massachusetts Bay Colony • General Court- lawmaking body which people where elected to • By law everyone had to attend church services- sermon was most important part • “New England Way” –term by puritan to describe beliefs and society
Emphasized duty, godliness, hard work, and honesty • Dancing and games lead to laziness • Work ethic contributed to rapid success and growth of colonies • Law required all children to read ( education, bible)
New colonies • 1636-Thomas Hooker moved congregation to Connecticut Valley • Wrote and adopted the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut ( a constitution) in 1639 • Gave voting rights to non-church members & limited power of the government • Exeter- first European settlement in New Hampshire • John Wheelwright established the town in 1638 • Exeter compact – based on mayflower compact
Challenges to Puritan Leaders • Roger Williams ( ministers in Salem, Mass.) opposed forced attendance to church • Opposed taking native American land by force • Williams was forced to leave the colony by General Court • Williams founded colony of Rhode Island • Religious freedom and separation of church and state
Challenges to puritan leaders • Anne Hutchinson –believed people could worship god without the church, minister, or bible. • Conducted discussions in her home that challenged church • Brought to trial and forced to leave Massachusetts • 1638- fled to Rhode Island
Quakers • Quakers were another religious group • “tremble at the lord” • Believed each person could know god through “inner light” • Minister nor bible were needed • Treated native Americans fairly • Were whipped, imprisoned, and hung for their beliefs
King Philip’s war • 1675-1676 Puritan colonies fought a brutal war with Native Americans – Land: Native (shared) English (individually owned) • King Philip was the English version of the name Metacom who was the leader of the Wampanoag (Native Americans) • The Wampanoag lost the war – many were killed and sold into slavery • Those who remained lost land and forced to become laborers • As a result the English expanded even farther into Native American land
