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Massachusetts Bay Colony

Massachusetts Bay Colony. By: Olivia Anderson, Katie Forbes, and TJ Wagner. Key Terms. Calvinist Freemen Theocracy Covenant. Puritans Charter John Winthrop. History. 1629 Charles I dismissed Parliament, authorized persecution of Archbishop William Laud

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Massachusetts Bay Colony

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  1. Massachusetts Bay Colony By: Olivia Anderson, Katie Forbes, and TJ Wagner

  2. Key Terms • Calvinist • Freemen • Theocracy • Covenant • Puritans • Charter • John Winthrop

  3. History 1629 • Charles I dismissed Parliament, authorized persecution of Archbishop William Laud • Non-Separatist Puritans secure a royal charter to form Massachusetts Bay Colony 1630 • Expedition of eleven vessels carried nearly one thousand immigrants to the new colony

  4. John Winthrop • Arrived to Massachusetts on the Arbella • Became first governor of Massachusetts • Believed he had a calling from God to be governor and to create a holy society • Held the position of governor or deputy governor for 19 years

  5. Government • Theocracy • The purpose of their government was to enforce God’s law. • Members of the church, called freemen, made important government decisions. • All members of the colony were forced to hold the same beliefs and act the same. • Everyone, believers and nonbelievers, paid taxes to the government-supported church.

  6. Economy • Trade with England and West Indies • Especially furs • Subsistence Farming • Especially corn and livestock • Fishing/Whaling • Timber/Lumber • Shipbuilding • Craftsmen

  7. Culture • Religion • The Puritans of Massachusetts Bay were Calvinists. This was their religion, but they believed in it with their own emphasis. • The people with power were religious men. • There was no religious freedom in this colony, if you did not follow the Puritan Way, you were not welcome on the land.

  8. Culture • Life As A Puritan • Laws were based on Puritan beliefs. • “Freemen” • Disobedient wives and children were subject to civil penalties.

  9. “City Upon a Hill” • John Winthrop also believed that he had a covenant, or agreement, with God for his colony. • His colony was to be a holy society, a model for humankind and a beacon to humanity.

  10. New England Way • Law that Puritans must attend church • Belief in hard work • Stressed hard work • Helped made it successful

  11. Half-Way Covenant • Created in 1662 • Modified the covenant between the Church and its adherents • Admitted baptism to the children of baptised but not-yet converted members of the Church • Weakened distinctions between elect and others • Religious purity sacrificed for religious participation

  12. Native Americans • Natives didn’t want the settlers of Massachusetts to invade their land • Made trade; Massachusetts had the land closer to the other colonies and the Natives had the land farthest from the colonies • Some of the Massachusetts Puritans managed to convert some Natives to the Christian faith.

  13. Pequot War • Hostilities between the English settlers and the Pequot Indians in 1637. • The English invaded their lands with Indian allies and attacked them • The attack slaughtered about 300 Pequot men, women and children, which nearly eliminated the tribe • Converted some of the remaining Indians to Christianity

  14. Review • In around 1630 the New England Company broke off to try to make the New England Church more “pure”. • They were given a charter by the King of England to go to Massachusetts Bay. • John Winthrop led the people in founding Massachusetts Bay and the city of Boston.

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