1 / 15

NIS – PHYSICAL SCIENCE

NIS – PHYSICAL SCIENCE. Lecture 1 Methods of Science Ozgur Unal. NIS – PHYSICAL SCIENCE. Lesson objectives: Define science Identify the steps scientists often use to solve problems Determine dependent variables, independent variables and constants in an experiment. Scientific Method.

afia
Download Presentation

NIS – PHYSICAL SCIENCE

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. NIS – PHYSICAL SCIENCE Lecture 1 Methods of Science OzgurUnal

  2. NIS – PHYSICAL SCIENCE Lesson objectives: Define science Identify the steps scientists often use to solve problems Determine dependent variables, independent variables and constants in an experiment.

  3. ScientificMethod Science is a processthatusesobservationandinvestigationtogainknowledgeabouttheevents in nature. Observation:Useoursenses Investigation:Includesobserving, experimenting, modelling Investigationsfollow a general pattern: ScientificMethod

  4. ScientificMethod ScientificQuestions Hypothesis: Educatedguess, testableanswers Experiment: A wayto test yourhypothesis Collect data Analyze data Draw conclusions • Experimentsincludevariables: • Dependentvariables • Independentvariables • Constants

  5. ScientificMethod • Ifthethickness of thecoating is smaller, theseedsgerminatefaster. Question: Howdoesthethickness of theseedcoataffectthegermination rate of theseeds? Hypothesis? • Design an experimenttotestyourhypothesis: • A seedwithscratchedcoat • A seedwith a hole in thecoat (nicked) • A seedwith an unscratchedcoat

  6. ScientificMethod Coatingthickness Germination rate Temperature, amount of sunlight, wateretc. Identifyvariables: Independentvariable: Dependentvariable: Constant: • Control: Theseedwith normal coating is usedtocomparethegrowthrates.

  7. ScientificMethod Performtheexperiment, collectandrecordyour data: • Drawconclusions: ?? • Shareyourresults: Communicate

  8. ScientificMethod A theory is an explanation of a set of related observations or events based upon hypotheses and verified multiple times by detached groups of researchers. A theory is broader, moredetailedand can givetestablepredictions. • A law is a concise but general statementabouthownaturebehaves. (e.g F=m*a) • Forless general statements, weusethetermprinciple. (e.g. Archimedes’ Principle)

  9. ScientificMethod Doesmicrowavepopcorn pop betterwhen it has beenfrozen? Construct a hypothesis Design an experiment to determine whether microwave popcorn pops better when it has been frozen. Fortomorrow!

  10. NIS – PHYSICAL SCIENCE Lecture 2 Standards of Measurements OzgurUnal

  11. Standards of Measurements A standardis an exactquantitythatpeopleagreetousetocomparemeasurements. Themeasurement of anyquantity is maderelativeto a particularstandardorunit. Thelength of an object is 2.3  meaningless Ifpeople do not usecommonunits, confusionsareinevitable.

  12. SI SI, InternationalSystem of Units, is widelyused in theworld. SI, is based on multiples of ten. • Englishsystem is alsousedbymany. • Importanttospecifyunitstoavoidevencatastrophes! • Seethehandout.

  13. SI A baseunitmust be defined in terms of a standard. SI has 7 baseunits. • Allotherunitsarederivedfrombaseunits. Forexample: unit of speed (m/s), unit of energy (Joule)

  14. ConvertingBetween SI Units A conversionfactor is a ratiothat is equaltooneand is usedtochangeoneunittoanother. Forexample, thereare 1,000 mL in 1 L. 1,000 mL = 1 L or 1,000mL / 1L = 1 Toconvertone litre tomillilitre, usethisconversionfactor.

  15. Accuracy vs Precision Accuracy: Compareshowcloseyourmeasurementsaretotherealoracceptedvalue Precision: Describeshowcloselymeasurementsaretoeachotherandhowcarefullymeasurementsweremade.

More Related