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SIMS 415 WAN and the Internet

SIMS 415 WAN and the Internet. Computer Network. An interconnection of computers for the purpose of sharing information and resources. Typically classified according to: Reach and complexity Protocols and topologies. Network Types Defined. Local area networks Metropolitan area networks

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SIMS 415 WAN and the Internet

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  1. SIMS 415WAN and the Internet

  2. Computer Network • An interconnection of computers for the purpose of sharing information and resources. • Typically classified according to: • Reach and complexity • Protocols and topologies

  3. Network Types Defined • Local area networks • Metropolitan area networks • Wide area networks

  4. Wide Area Network (WAN) • Far-reaching system of networks that usually extends over 30 miles and often reaches across states and continents

  5. Enterprise Network • Enterprise network • Combination of LANs, MANs, or WANs that provides users with an array of computer and network resources to complete different tasks

  6. Structure of the Internet • “Internet” comes from “internetworking” • The Internet is a collection of networks connected in a hierarchical fashion • There is no longer any regulated structure to the Internet • Order is maintained by agreement on governing standards

  7. Structure of the Internet “Network Access Point” “Point of Presence” Source: Jeff Tyson, howstuffworks.com

  8. Structure of the Internet

  9. Structure of the Internet • NAPs • Network Access Points • Original NAPs (NSFNet) • Chicago • New Jersey • San Francisco • Washington, DC

  10. Structure of the Internet • The Chicago NAP (Ameritech) • Tier 1 Internet Exchange • Serves ISPs, research centers, universities • Over 140 customers • DS-3, OC-3c and OC-12c speeds • World’s largest ATM exchange

  11. Structure of the Internet • The Chicago NAP (Ameritech) • $3,900 per month for a DS3 • $4,700 per month for an OC3.

  12. Structure of the Internet SONET OC-48 Multiplexers at the Chicago NAP OC-1: 51.84Mbps OC-48 = 51.84Mbps * 48 = 2488.32 Mbps = 2.48832 Gbps “2.5 Gigabit Backbone”

  13. Structure of the Internet

  14. Structure of the Internet • MAEs • Metropolitan Area Exchanges • Privately owned exchanges (MCI) • MAE East • MAE West • MAE Central • MAE Los Angeles • MAE Paris • MAE Frankfurt

  15. Structure of the Internet • MAE East MAE East includes four sites in the Washington, DC metropolitan area and one in New York City. • Vienna, VA 22182 (2 sites) • Reston, VA 20191 • Ashburn, VA 20147 • New York, NY 10013

  16. Structure of the Internet • POP Point of Presence Regional Internet Service providers (ISPs) place POPs in different cities they want to offer connectivity in.

  17. Structure of the Internet

  18. Structure of the Internet IX ISP Regional Regional POP Local Local Local Local Users

  19. Such IP Tracing is available on sites like http://visualroute.visualware.com and http://samspade.org/

  20. Structure of the Internet C:>tracert www.yahoo.com Tracing route to www.yahoo.akadns.net [66.94.230.35] 1 172.16.0.254 2 user-11fao01.dsl.mindspring.com [66.245.96.1] 3 acr01-vl4.ga-atlanta0.ne.earthlink.net [199.174.117.225] 4 cor02-ve-96.ga-atlanta0.ne.earthlink.net [209.165.96.17] 5 bor01-ge-6-4.ga-atlanta0.ne.earthlink.net [207.69.223.169] 6 bor02-so-6-1.va-ashburn0.ne.earthlink.net [209.86.82.33] 7 exchange-cust1.ash.equinix.net [206.223.115.16] 8 ae0-p939.pat2.pao.yahoo.com [216.115.102.249] 9 vlan27.bas2.scd.yahoo.com [216.115.101.46] 10 UNKNOWN-66-218-82-234.yahoo.com [66.218.82.234] 11 p4.www.scd.yahoo.com [66.94.230.35] Trace complete.

  21. Structure of the Internet Tracing route to www.unc.edu [152.2.1.217] 1 172.16.0.254 2 user-11fao01.dsl.mindspring.com [66.245.96.1] 3 199.174.118.17 4 cor01-vl96.ga-atlanta0.ne.earthlink.net [209.165.96.1] 5 bor01-g2-3.ga-atlanta0.ne.earthlink.net [207.69.223.144] 6 so-3-0.hsa2.Atlanta1.Level3.net [64.156.232.13] 7 ge-6-2-1.bbr1.Atlanta1.Level3.net [64.159.3.73] 8 so-0-1-0.mpls2.Raleigh1.Level3.net [209.247.11.118] 9 ge-6-0.hsa2.Raleigh1.Level3.net [209.244.22.38] 10 unknown.Level3.net [64.158.228.2] 11 uncgsr-gw-to-ncni-oc48.ncni.net [128.109.52.2] 12 ciscokid.internet.unc.edu [128.109.36.253] 13 el-loco-v2.net.unc.edu [152.2.255.253] 14 www.unc.edu [152.2.1.217] Trace complete.

  22. Structure of the Internet Tracing route to www.digex.com [164.109.72.70] 1 172.16.0.254 2 user-11fao01.dsl.mindspring.com [66.245.96.1] 3 acr02-vl4.ga-atlanta0.ne.earthlink.net [199.174.117.241] 4 cor02-ve-96.ga-atlanta0.ne.earthlink.net [209.165.96.17] 5 bor01-ge-6-4.ga-atlanta0.ne.earthlink.net [207.69.223.169] 6 so-3-0.hsa2.Atlanta1.Level3.net [64.156.232.13] 7 ge-6-1-1.bbr1.Atlanta1.Level3.net [64.159.3.13] 8 so-0-1-0.bbr2.Washington1.Level3.net [64.159.0.230] 9 ge-9-0.ipcolo1.Washington1.Level3.net [64.159.18.35] 10 unknown.Level3.net [209.246.46.90] 11 gigabitethernet7-0.dca2c-fcor-rt2.netsrv.digex.net [164.109.3.94] 12 gigabitethernet4-1.dca2a-fcor-rt1.netsrv.digex.net [164.109.3.9] 13 vlan39.dca2a-fdisa-sw1-msfc1.netsrv.digex.net [164.109.3.149] 14 164.109.31.224 15 digex.com [164.109.72.70] Trace complete.

  23. Structure of the Internet

  24. How the Internet Started • In 1968 the Air Force commissioned Paul Baran of the RAND Corporation to figure out how it could maintain control of its operations after a nuclear attack. • Baran suggested a decentralized packet-switched network, an arrangement that would send information from one point to another in packets; like letters in an envelope, each packet would be labeled with its destination, and the system would need no vulnerable central hub. • Info at http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/cold.war/experience/technology/inventions.timeline/arpanet.html

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