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EXPERIMENT 9- THE PERIODIC TABLE

EXPERIMENT 9- THE PERIODIC TABLE. INTRODUCTION:. The periodic table is arranged into seven horizontal rows and 18 vertical columns. The particular row and column tell us much about the properties of an element.

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EXPERIMENT 9- THE PERIODIC TABLE

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  1. EXPERIMENT 9- THE PERIODIC TABLE

  2. INTRODUCTION: • The periodic table is arranged into seven horizontal rows and 18 vertical columns. The particular row and column tell us much about the properties of an element. • The relationship between the electronic configuration and the chemical properties of elements is most readily expressed in terms of the periodic table. The elements are arranged in the table in the order of increasing atomic numbers in horizontal rows, called periods, of such length that elements with similar properties (size) recur periodically. • The elements with similar chemical properties are arranged in vertical columns called groups (or families) and they have the same number of valence electrons. Elements found in the same horizontal row have the same number of energy levels but cannot be expected to behave in similar ways.

  3. OBJECTIVES: • TO EXAMINE THE PROPERTIES OF ELEMENTS IN VARIOUS GROUPS • TO OBSERVE THE REACTION OF COUMPOUND S OF ELEMENTS THAT BELONG TO THE SAME GROUP IN THE PERIODIC TABLE

  4. DATA AND RESULT:

  5. Reaction of Active Metals with H₂O • Group I- A metal + water→ Base + Hydrogen ions Group I } 2 Na + H₂O →2 NaOH+ H₂↑ 2 K + H₂O→ 2 KOH + H₂↑ ( more reactive because rxn occurs at RT only) • Group II- metal+ water→ Base Mg + O₂→ MgO heat Group 2 – MgO + H₂O → Mg[OH]₂ + H₂↑ ( occurs at high boiling temp) turns to fuschia solution w/ phenolphthalein

  6. Properties of carbonates of Group I-A & Group II- A Elements • Group I- A Corbonates are soluble in water Na₂CO₃ + H₂O→ soluble Grp 1A elements – more active K₂CO₃ + H₂O→ soluble • Group II- A Carbonates are Insoluble in water CaCO₃ + H₂O→ insoluble Grp IIA elements -less reactive BaCO₃ + H₂O→ insoluble

  7. Properties of Metal Oxides • MgO Mg +O →MgO +H₂O→Mg(OH)₂ +H₂↑+phenolphthalein ↓ Colorless to fuschia pink - base • CaO • CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2 + H₂↑ phenolphthalein ↓ Fuschia pink- base

  8. Properties of Non- Metal Oxides Group V-A and VI-A/Non- metallic oxides + H₂O→acid S + O₃→ SO₂ + H₂O→H₂SO₃ + pH ( BLP to RLP)→pink- Acid burning (yellow gas) (sulfurous acid) HNO₃ + Cu → HNO₂ + CuO + pH(moist BLP to RLP)→pink-Acid (nitrous acid) (copper oxide) green brown

  9. Metalloid Property • AICI₃ + 6H₂O→ AI(H₂O)₆⁺³ + 3C Hydrated aluminum ion AI(H₂O)₆⁺³ + H₂O→ AI(H₂O)₅OH⁺² + H³O Acid Base Base Acid (Hydrated (hydrated hydranium aluminum ions ) Aluminum hydroxide ) AICI₃→BLP- acidic + HCI → - Acidic AICI₃→RLP- no change + HCI → -Acidic (acidic)

  10. CONCLUSION: • Therefore the elements in the periodic table is arranged sequence to their increasing atomic number , which arranged in rows and columns so that the elements with similar chemical properties are in the same column and said to be in the same group that have the same number of valence electron.

  11. In our experiment, we observed and determined the reaction of the elements that belongs in the same group in the periodic table. Some chemicals react to one another and some did not.

  12. GROUP 3 • TAMANG, FREMMA • AQUINO,DARLY JONNAH • LAMAYAN,DARTIA • TAVAKKOLI,REYHANEY • BAUTISTA, CARLO • GAVIOLA, ALAIN • SENA,ZYRUS • DEHGNAN,SINA • ADEL,JERSON

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