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Flemish baroque painter Peter Paul Rubens 1577 - 1640. Diego Velázquez 1599 – 1660 Self-portrait. Velasquez 1650. Las Meninas 1656-57 Diego Velazquez. Rembrandt 1634. Rembrandt VAN RIJN 1606 - 1669 Amsterdam. Rembrandt Return of the Prodigal Son 1636. Dutch Still Life.
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Flemish baroque painter Peter Paul Rubens 1577 - 1640
Diego Velázquez 1599 – 1660 Self-portrait
Las Meninas1656-57 Diego Velazquez
Rembrandt1634 Rembrandt VAN RIJN 1606 - 1669 Amsterdam
"Windmill at Wijk-bij-Duurstede". Jacob van Ruisdael Dutch 1670
“Girl with Pearl Earring” 1665-67 Johannes Vermeer 1632-1675 Delft
The Little Street1657-58 Vermeer
The Astronomer Vermeer Is this Leeuwenhook?
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (Dutch 1632-1723) Leeuwenhoek is known to have made over 500 "microscopes" • Discovered • bacteria • protists, • sperm cells • blood cells • rotifers
Antony van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) . . . my work, which I've done for a long time, was not pursued in order to gain the praise I now enjoy, but chiefly from a craving after knowledge, which I notice resides in me more than in most other men. And therewithal, whenever I found out anything remarkable, I have thought it my duty to put down my discovery on paper, so that all ingenious people might be informed thereof. Letter of June 12, 1716
The eye and the camera obscura I say that if the front of a building—or any open piazza or field—which is illuminated by the sun has a dwelling opposite to it, and if, in the front which does not face the sun, you make a small round hole, all the illuminated objects will project their images through that hole and be visible inside the dwelling on the opposite wall which may be made white; and there, in fact, they will be upside down. Leonardo video
Camera obscura video
From NGA website: Although the camera obscura creates no lasting record, it intensifies colors and dramatically differentiates depth of field. It also produces optical effects not normally visible, such as diffused circular highlights caused by bright light reflecting off shiny surfaces. Detail from painting Image seen with camera obscura