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SESSION 3: Climate Change Financing Opportunities

SESSION 3: Climate Change Financing Opportunities. Why climate change financing?. A plethora of funds and initiatives are supporting climate change initiatives – bilateral, multilateral, INGOs, Financial Institutions Opportunities for adaptation (and mitigation) financing

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SESSION 3: Climate Change Financing Opportunities

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  1. SESSION 3:Climate Change Financing Opportunities

  2. Why climate change financing? • A plethora of funds and initiatives are supporting climate change initiatives – bilateral, multilateral, INGOs, Financial Institutions • Opportunities for adaptation (and mitigation) financing • Packaging of projects is necessary to establish the links between climate change and SLM

  3. Climate change relatedfinancing opportunities for SLM • AFOLU • REDD • Renewable energies • Energy efficiency at the household level

  4. AFOLU: Agriculture, forestry, land use sectors → Activities with potential for establishing synergies between UNCCD et UNFCCC • Forestry/ reforestation, improved forest mgt, avoided deforestation, forest degradation) • Cultivated lands • Livestock • Agriculture REDD: → Prevent/ limit the impact of activities causing the deforestation/ degradation of forests • Conversion of forests into agricultural lands • Non sustainable forestry and illegal cutting • Slash-and-burn culture

  5. Renewable energies • Biogas (from agricultural, animal, and industrial waste streams) • Hydro • Wind • Solar Household level energy efficiency • Capture and use of landfill gas • Wood stoves • Solar cooling • Lighting efficiency

  6. What is the origin of the greenhouse gases in the AFOLU sector? Household cooking Waste and biomass Agricultural waste Deforestation Land degradation Animal waste

  7. UNFCCC Instruments Convention Strategies Instruments Domestic measures Joint Implementation (IC) Mitigation (Kyoto Protocol) International Emissions Trading Flexible Mechanisms Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) REDD (Post Kyoto-2012) UNFCCC Adaptation Fund Adaptation Funds Special CC Fund (SCCF) Adaptation Least Developed Country Fund (LDCF) Bilateral and multilateral financing

  8. Carbon emissions trading: AFOLU Regulated Market (Kyoto): Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) $$$ + Technology Transfer Annex I Countries – Gaps in meeting targets after domestic mitigation measures Non-Annex I Countries Certified Emissions Reductions (CERs) SLM activities that capture carbon and thus generate CERs Approved CDM Methodologies ONLY!

  9. Carbon emissions trading: AFOLU Voluntary Carbon Markets $$$ + Technology Transfer Anyone: Governments, NGOs, Individuals, Private sector Anyone Verified Emissions Reductions (VERs) SLM activities that capture or avoid GHG and thus generate carbon credits Voluntary Market Standards

  10. AFOLU: Examples

  11. Regional distribution of projects Compliance markets Voluntary markets From: UNEP RISOE 2009

  12. Type of projects Compliance markets Voluntary markets From: UNEP RISOE 2009

  13. Conclusions • Potential for mobilising finance through climate change mechanisms but hindrances still exists (scope of CDM, complicated procedures, lack of capacities for developing projects etc.) • The design of a future REDD mechanism is crucial to its applicability to SLM related activities

  14. Thank you! Camilla Nordheim-Larsen Financing Strategy Officer Global Mechanism of the UNCCD Rome, Italy Email: c.nordheim-larsen@ifad.org www.gm-unccd.org

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