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Civil Rights Movement. Philosophical Leaders: MLK Jr., Malcolm X, and the Black Panthers. Non-violence or Arms?. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/eyesontheprize/resources/vid/11_video_noi_qt.html This video goes back and forth between MLK Jr. and Malcolm X.
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Civil Rights Movement Philosophical Leaders: MLK Jr., Malcolm X, and the Black Panthers
Non-violence or Arms? • http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/eyesontheprize/resources/vid/11_video_noi_qt.html • This video goes back and forth between MLK Jr. and Malcolm X
Think about the following as you watch… • What did MLK Jr. believe was the best way to obtain civil rights? • What criticisms does Malcolm X voice of MLK's methods? • What is the difference between non-resistance and non-violent resistance? • Does the Christian idea of 'loving one's oppressor' undermine the goals of the CRM? • Do you believe the moral appeal to the conscience of white America is effective?
Martin Luther King Jr. • African American clergyman and civil rights activists • Led Montgomery boycott and helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference • Emphasized non-violent methods, the struggle to end poverty, and was against the war in Vietnam • Won a Nobel Peace prize • Assassinated on April 4th, 1968
Malcolm X • http://www.history.com/videos/malcolm-x#origins-of-black-history-month • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ENHP89mLWOY • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gRSgUTWffMQ • Human rights activist • Member of the Nation of Islam, later became a Sunni Muslim • Was assassinated in February of 1965
Malcolm X • Do you find Malcolm X's aim to arm blacks a practical solution? • Do you think the Civil Rights Movement created victims rather than agents of change?
The Black Panthers • http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/eyesontheprize/resources/vid/17_video_panthers_qt.html • What were the goals of the Black Panther Party? • Were these goals similar or different to those described by MLK and Malcolm X? • Is the 10 Point Plan described in the video more comprehensive than the goals of the mainline civil rights movement? • Were they practical?
10 Point Program • 1. Freedom • 2. Full employment • 3. End to white businesses operating in Black neighborhoods • 4. Decent housing • 5. Relevant education • 6. Exemption from military service • 7. End to police brutality • 8. Release Black prisoners • 9. Jury of their peers • 10. Black only vote to determine their future
Where did the Black Power movement come from? • High level of Black dissatisfaction • With status in America • And status of the Civil Rights Movement • White reaction to CRM became more violent • Higher levels of violence in North and South • Many felt the moral appeal wasn’t working
The Black Power Movement • Was a call for Black social, political and economic control of themselves • Reflected a more militant attitude held by younger Blacks • Began programs, some of which still exist today- for example, free breakfast for students