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The Endocrine System

The Endocrine System. System that includes all the glands and their chemical messages taken together. Hormones. Chemical regulators that control bodily processes such as emotional responses, growth, and sexuality Include messages that need to stay in the body longer than nerve messages

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The Endocrine System

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  1. The Endocrine System System that includes all the glands and their chemical messages taken together

  2. Hormones • Chemical regulators that control bodily processes such as emotional responses, growth, and sexuality • Include messages that need to stay in the body longer than nerve messages • Passed through body through the bloodstream • Have the ability to turn on other parts of the body

  3. Glands • Units of the body that contain the hormones • Work like neurotransmitters (have special molecular structure that matches a specific receptor)

  4. Pituitary Gland • Definition: the master gland; activates other glands and controls the growth hormone • Controlled by the hypothalamus • 2 jobs • Send messages that will start other glands going • Determine how tall or short we will be

  5. Growth Hormone • Definition: The hormone that regulates the growth process • Works in fits and starts (growth spurts)

  6. Normal Environment • Pituitary gland must have normal conditions to work properly • Proper Diet • Proper Living Conditions

  7. Thyroid Gland • The gland that controls and regulates the speed of bodily processes, called metabolism • Looks like a bow tie sitting inside the neck • Can play a role in emotional state • Overactive: restlessness, nervousness, and anxiety • Underactive: sadness or depression

  8. Metabolism • The speed at which the body operates or the speed at which it uses up energy • Very active Thyroid: jumping around all over the place, not able to sit still • Slow Thyroid: tend to be sluggish • Very Slow Thyroid: can lead to mental retardation

  9. Adrenal Glands • Glands that cause excitement in order to prepare the body for an emergency or for some important activity • Located on the right and left sides of the body, slightly above the navel and to the back • Makes adrenaline

  10. Adrenaline • Chemical that prepares the body for emergency activity by increasing blood pressure, breathing rate, and energy level • Symptoms: breath rapidly, blood pressure goes up, muscles tense, sugar is dumped into body for energy, sweating, sends chemical to make blood clot faster

  11. Gonads • Sex glands; they make sperm or eggs for reproduction • Makes androgen (male sex hormone) and estrogen (female sex hormone) • Both male and females have both • More androgen in males, more estrogen in females • Make us look male and female

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