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International Organization & International Law. International Organization & International Law. 4 Most Important Things to Know about IO The Basics How IO Evolved Why IO has Expanded IO Increasing Cooperation 4 Most Important Things to Know about IL The Basics
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International Organization & International Law • 4 Most Important Things to Know about IO • The Basics • How IO Evolved • Why IO has Expanded • IO Increasing Cooperation • 4 Most Important Things to Know about IL • The Basics • The Primitive Nature of IL • IL as a Western Phenomenon • Issues with Adherence to IL
International Organization ~The Basics~
International Organization What is International Organization? • Note ‘Organization’ is in the singular • How modern system organization changed • Pre-Exploration • Pre-CW • CW • Post-CW • Actors • States, IGOs, NGOs, MNCs, etc • Issues • Domestic • Transnational
International Organization ~How IO Evolved~
International Organization Universal Concern for Humans • International Peace Conferences at The Hague(1899, 1907) • Developed countries’ responsibility • League of Nations (1920) • United Nations (1945) • Growth in membership • More IGOs, NGOs form
International Organization About the United Nations • Purpose • Structure • General Assembly • UN Security Council • UN Secretary General • Need to address transnational issues • UN System • Effectiveness UN Secretary General Ban Ki Moon
International Organization ~Why IO Expanded~
International Organization Expansion of IO • Increased international contact • Increased interdependence • Expansion of transnational problems • Failure of current state-centered system to provide security • Efforts of small states to gain strength through joint action • Provide role models
International Organization ~Increased Cooperation through IGOs~
Increased Cooperation through IGOs • Interactive Arena • Self-interest • NATO • Center for Cooperation • Functionalism • ECOWAS • Independent International Actor • Proactive • UN • Supranational Governance • Authority • EU
International Organization ~Recap~
International Organization 4 Most Important Things to Know about IO • What IO Is • How IO Evolved • Why IO has Expanded • IO Increasing Cooperation
International Law ~The Basics~
International Law The Basics • Based on customs, agreements, treaties • Increased over time • More actors • More contact • Increased interdependence • Greater need to coordinate policies, actions
International Law ~Primitive Nature~
International Law Primitive Nature • Not legislated • Based on customs & agreements • No overarching enforcement authority • Sovereign states pursue self-interests
International Law ~Western Phenomenon~
International Law Western Phenomenon • European, then US domination • Father of International Law • Age of Reason • Natural Law Hugo Grotius (1583-1645)
International Law Western Phenomenon • Early law war • Contemporary law transnational issues • Differences between cultures • Cultural relativism
International Law ~Adherence Issues~
International Law Adherence • Compliance is voluntary • Means of enforcement • Most states obey international laws- Why? • Reputation • Long-term benefits v. short term losses • Employ means to convince states to comply So, is international law really law? • Sovereignty v. adherence
International Law ~Recap~
International Law 4 Most Important Things to Know about IL • What IL is • The Primitive Nature of IL • IL as a Western Phenomenon • Issues with Adherence to IL