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Unit 1 Physical Geography

Unit 1 Physical Geography. Chapter 1. What is Physical Geography?. Write 2 sentences about what YOU think physical geography is… You have 3 minutes. Geography. The study of the physical and human landscapes of Earth and the interaction between the two

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Unit 1 Physical Geography

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  1. Unit 1Physical Geography Chapter 1

  2. What is Physical Geography? • Write 2 sentences about what YOU think physical geography is… • You have 3 minutes

  3. Geography • The study of the physical and human landscapes of Earth and the interaction between the two • Physical Geography – the study of Earth’s physical features • Human (Cultural) Geography – the study of human activities and their relationship to the cultural and physical environments • Geographers specialize on the interaction between humans and the Earth

  4. Physical Environment • Consists of physical features that occur naturally • 4 Major Components • Water • Natural Vegetation • Landforms and rocks • Weather and Climate

  5. Rocky Mts. Rio Grande Carlsbad Caverns Red Sands White Sands Elephant Butte

  6. Exploring Geography • The world is usually described in spatial terms • Spatial relations- refer to the links that places and people have to one another because of their location • You could use the terms- • Absolute location • Relative location

  7. I. Absolute Location • Absolute location - The exact spot at which the place is found on the globe • To determine absolute location, geographers use imaginary lines around the earth • What lines are they?

  8. Imaginary Lines • Equator – divides the earth into Northern and Southern hemispheres • Prime Meridian – divides the earth into Eastern and Western hemispheres (Greenwich, England) • Latitude – degrees north or south of the equator (0-90°) • Longitude – degrees east or west of the Prime Meridian (0-180°)

  9. Compass RoseActivity • Do you know how to tell direction? • In your notebook write down the saying you know in order to find out direction • Do not share your answer with anyone

  10. Equator Prime MeridianIn which hemisphere do you live?

  11. Grid System • Grid System - Used to identify absolute location of any place on Earth • Measured in degrees and direction • What lines are measured with degrees? • How is direction measured?

  12. Grid System

  13. World Map Activity • Each person needs a blank world map • Locate the following – • North Pole • South Pole • Equator • Eastern Hemisphere • Western Hemisphere • Prime Meridian • Northern Hemisphere • Southern Hemisphere • Tropic of Cancer • Tropic of Capricorn • Draw your Compass Rose and identify degrees

  14. Grid System Activity • You will have a partner • Latitude is measured 0-90° North or South • Longitude is measured 0-180° West or East • When plotting it goes latitude then longitude Ex: (5°N, 125°) • Locate the following absolute locations • (15°S, 60°W) • (28°S, 125°E) • (35°N, 130°E)

  15. II. Relative Location • Relative location - location of a place inrelationto other places • This is usually how we determine location • Socorro High School is next to Churches Chicken or Vista • Identify 5 different places using relative location

  16. III. Places • Place – a particular space with physical and human meaning • Every place has its own unique characteristics, determined by the surrounding environment and the people who live there • What is the most important place to you in the world and why?

  17. IV. Regions • Region – a group of places united by similar characteristics • May be physical such as soil type, vegetation and climate • Or by human factors such as language, religion, forms of government, etc • Name 5 regions that you already know

  18. Three types of Regions • Formal (uniform) – defined by a common characteristics such as a product produced there or climate experienced there • The Corn Belt – Iowa-Illinois area in the US • Common Characteristic? • Islamic World – Middle East • Common Characteristic?

  19. Functional Region • Functional - a central place and the surrounding area linked to it • Group of places that help each other function • Metropolitan areas such as LA or Tokyo • What common characteristics do these areas have?

  20. Perceptual Region • Perceptual - defined by popular feelings and images rather than by objective data • “Heartland” • Its what YOU think an area is • Hollywood!

  21. Perceptual Region Activity Write 10 characteristics about each area

  22. V. Physical Systems • Physical Systems-The physical processes that shape the patterns on Earth’s surface El Paso Floods Volcanoes Hurricane Katrina

  23. Ecosystems • Ecosystems- Community of plants and animals that depend upon one another, and their surroundings for survival • Geography look at how physical features interact with the ecosystems

  24. ECOSYSTEMS! Name 5 different processes within Ecosystems

  25. VI. Human Systems • Geographers study how people shape the Earth • Theme in Geography – MOVEMENT • Movement – ongoing movement of people, goods and ideas • People compete or cooperate with each other to either change or control aspects of the Earth to meet their needs • Write 2 sentences as to why you think movement is important..

  26. VII. Human-Environment Interaction • Another theme of Geography • HEI- The study of the interrelationship between people and their physical environment • Environment Mountains and deserts often pose barriers to human movement • Humans Building a dam, alters the physical environment

  27. Examples of Human-Environment Interaction • How do people use their environment? • How and why have they changed it? • What consequences result from those changes?

  28. Use of Geography • Geography gives us insight into how physical features and living things develop in the past • It is important to apply all these concepts with events that are going on in the world TODAY!!

  29. Geographer’s Craft • Geographers use tools to help them analyze information • Population Pyramids • Population Density Maps • GPS (Global Positioning System) • GIS (Geographic Information Systems) • Cartography • Direct Observation • Interviewing • Statistics • Technology

  30. Writing Journal • Imagine you are an urban planner. • What kinds of data might you want to assemble in order to plan a location for a new school? • What methods will you use to collect your data? • How would you use the data to determine the location for the school? • Explain your choices in a paragraphs

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