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This study explores the gender disparities in health indicators in refugee contexts using case studies. It analyzes demographic patterns, data sources and methods, core health topics, and relationships between displacement, conflict, and health. The study also measures performance using indices and presents lessons learned from gender analyses.
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Gender disparities in refugee contexts: Case studies using health indicators Khassoum Diallo Senior Statistician UNHCR Global Forum on Gender Statistics, Manila 11-13 October, 2010 ESA/STAT/AC.219/20
SCOPE OF FORCED DISPLACEMENT • Forcibly displaced persons represent a significant share of the de facto population of many countries • Refugees and Asylum-seekers ~ 16 million end-2009. Internally Displaced People (27 million) • Daddab refugee camp (300,000 people): 4th city of Kenya does not appear in any official statistics or map of Kenya • In many countries, MDGs or other international goals cannot be achieved without addressing the needs of populations affected by conflicts and emergencies, especially women and children
Demographic patterns • Increasing share of urban refugees (close to 60% in 2009 • Between 70-90% of refugees remain in their region of origin • Age & sex distribution
Data Sources & methods • UNHCR’s Health Information System • The Standards and Indicators Programme (over 100 countries, by location) • Participatory assessments (over 120 countries, at least once every year) • Routine registration and monitoring system from Governments & other partners • Mix of sources (surveys, censuses, estimation methods etc.) • Data quality assessment and triangulation
Health Information System Core health topics: Mortality, morbidity, RH, Nutrition, Access to services
Relationships Displacement Conflict Health • Gender related issues: Women, men, boys and girls impacted differently • Gender based violence (e.g. rape, domestic violence) • Reproductive/including maternal health • Access to health services
Analyses/ Presentation Methods • Gap and Trends analyses • Scorecards • Indices: Composite indices, including the gender parity index
Illustration using selected indicators • Access to services • Women’s empowerment • Gender based violence • HIV Testing and Counseling
In conclusion: Lessons learnt from gender analyses • Gender disparities remain high for many health-related indicators in a number of refugee contexts • Difficult to analyze most of maternal health indicators from a gender perspective • Data collection and quality remain a challenge • Post analysis phase: translation of findings