1 / 16

Ions, Ionic Bonds and Metals

Ions, Ionic Bonds and Metals. Chapter 7. Valence Electrons- Electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom VE number = the Group Number of A elements. Ions and Ion Formation. Electron Dot Structures (Diagrams) show the valence electrons ONLY drawn around the symbol of the element.

ahava
Download Presentation

Ions, Ionic Bonds and Metals

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Ions, Ionic Bonds and Metals Chapter 7

  2. Valence Electrons- Electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom • VE number = the Group Number of A elements Ions and Ion Formation

  3. Electron Dot Structures (Diagrams) show the valence electrons ONLY drawn around the symbol of the element. • Electrons only pair after there is an electron on each side of the symbol Lewis Structures

  4. Remember- Metals give away and Nonmetals take VE • All elements want 8 VE • Bonds occur because of the giving/taking of electrons which result in charges • Opposite Charges attract Bonding

  5. Octet Rule- all elements want to have 8 valence electrons and will bond to achieve this • Noble Gases- Group 8A= 8 VE • Don’t bond because they have already achieve the Octet Rule Octet- Rule of 8

  6. Metals- lose VE and gain a positive charge based on number of VE lost • Cations • Nonmetals/Metalloids- Gain VE and gain a negative charge based on number of VE gained • Anions Meeting the Octet Rule

  7. Cations: • Name: Metal Name “Ion” • Lithium Ion • Anions: • Name: Root Name, end in –ide • Chlorine (Cl-) becomes “Chloride” • “Halide”- halogen ions Naming Ions

  8. Electrical Charges of Ionic Compounds is ALWAYS “0” or neutral. • Cations (+) and Anions (-) have opposite forces • Opposites attract and are held together • The electrostatic forces that hold ions together in ionic compounds are called ionic bonds Ionic Compounds

  9. Chemical Formula- shows the numbers of atoms of each element in the smallest representative unit of a substance. • Formula Units- the lowest whole-number ratio of ions in an ionic compound. Chemical Formula & Formula Units

  10. 1.) Crystalline Solid at room temperature • Very Stable Structure due to large attractive forces • 2.) High Melting Points- lots of energy to change state of matter • 3.)Conduct Electricity when dissolved in water Properties of Ionic Compounds

  11. When Melted or in Dissolved in Water: • Ions dissociate and exist in a solution • + and – charges floating that conduct electricity Conducting Electricity

  12. Valence Electrons are mobile and drift freely from one part of the metal to another • Metallic bonds are the forces of attraction between the free-floating valence electrons and the positively charged metal ions. Metallic Bonding

  13. Ductile- can be drawn into wires • Malleable- can be hammered into thin sheets without breaking • High Melting Point- requires a lot of energy to break the bonds Metal Properties

  14. Crystalline Structure- compact, orderly, repeating pattern • Metals form crystals in 3 forms: • Every atom except those on the surface have: • Body Centered- 8 neighbors • Face Centered- 12 neighbors • Hexagonal Close-Packed- 12 neighbors (hexagonal shape) Metallic Structures

  15. Mixtures of 2 or more elements; at least 1 is a metal • Ex. Brass • Properties are superior to the elements that make it- STRONGER • Stainless Steel Alloys

  16. Page 214; # 27-51 • Write the electron dot structures for: • Li, Mg, Al, N, O, F, Cl, Ne • Identify all possible IONIC bonds Assignment

More Related