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Ions and Ionic Bonds

Ions and Ionic Bonds. Ion = Atom that has lost or gained electrons; has a charge (+ or -) Atoms that Lose electrons Have a positive charge = +, 2+, 3+, etc. Called cations (“Cat Pos”) Atoms that Gain electrons Have a negative charge = -, 2-, 3-, etc. Called anions.

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Ions and Ionic Bonds

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  1. Ions and Ionic Bonds

  2. Ion = Atom that has lost or gained electrons; has a charge (+ or -) • Atoms that Lose electrons • Have a positive charge • = +, 2+, 3+, etc. • Called cations(“Cat Pos”) • Atoms that Gain electrons • Have a negative charge • = -, 2-, 3-, etc. • Called anions

  3. Chemical bonds • Attractive force that holds atoms or ions together • Ionic Bond • bond formed by the attraction between oppositely charged ions • There is an electrostatic attraction between the ions • Electrons are transferred • Example: Na and Cl • Cl takes an electron from Na • Cl becomes Cl- • Na becomes Na+ • Na+ is attracted to Cl- • Form ionic compound NaCl

  4. Ionic bonds occur between a metal and a nonmetal • Metals on left side of Periodic Table • Nonmetals on right side of Periodic Table • Most ionic compounds are called salts • Example: Lithium combines with Chlorine to become LiCl • Li has 1 valence electron (has 1 extra) • Cl has 7 valence electrons (needs 1) • Cl takes Li extra valence electron • Cl becomes Cl- • Li becomes Li+ • Li+ is attracted to Cl- and form an ionic bond • LiCl is the ionic compound that is formed

  5. Lithium + Chlorine - + Li Cl Li Cl Li+ + Cl- = LiCl Lithium + Oxygen 2- + Li O Li O + 2 Li+ + O2- = Li2O Li Li

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