Internet of Things ( IoT ): A Vision, Architectural Elements, Future Directions and Few Examples

1. Internet of Things (IoT): A Vision, Architectural Elements, Future Directions and Few Examples By Dr C Kalaiarasan Dean/CSE

2. INTRODUCTION • The Worldwide network of interconnected objects uniquely addressable based on standard communication protocols. • The internet of things (IoT) is the internetworking of physical devices, vehicles (also referred to as "connected devices" and "smart devices"), buildings and other items—embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and network connectivity that enable these objects to collect and exchange data.

3. DEFINING THE INTERNET OF THINGS • IoT is simply a concept wherein machines and everyday objects are connected via the Internet. • Within the IoT, devices are controlled and monitored remotely and usually wirelessly. • IDC predicts that the IoT will include 212 billion things globally by the end of 2020. 

4. WHAT IS INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT)? • IOT refers to a wireless network between objects/things • By embedding short-range mobile transceivers into a wide array of additional gadgets and everyday items, new forms of communication between people and things, and between things themselves is enabled • From now, we will be having Any time connection, Any Thing connection and Any place connection

6. VARIOUS FEATURES OF IoT

7. New computing paradigm where every object is alive on the internet.  • RFID and communication system will rise to meet this new challenges, - where info and communication system are invisible in the environment around us • The easiness of wirelessly connecting mobile items to the Internet via WiFi, Bluetooth, or wireless communications protocols. • The introduction of IoT results in enormous amount of data. Cloud computing is meant for such burst in data.

8. Architectural Elements: • Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) • RFID technology is a major breakthrough in the embedded communication paradigm which enables design of microchips for wireless data communication. They help in the automatic identification of anything they are attached to acting as an electronic barcode •  Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) • Recent technological advances in low power integrated circuits and wireless communications have made available efficient and low power consumption. • -WSN Hardware, WSN Commn.Stack (MAC,Routing etc.,) WSN Middleware, Secure Data Aggregation.

9. Addressing schemes • The ability to uniquely identify ‘Things’ is critical for the success of IoT. This will not only allow us to uniquely identify billions of devices but also to control remote devices through the Internet (Using of IPv6) Data storage and analytics • One of the most important outcomes of this emerging field is the creation of an unprecedented amount of data. Storage, owner- ship and expiry of the data become critical issues. The internet consumes up to 5% of the total energy generated today and with these types of demands, it is sure to go up even further.

10. IoT MOTIVATION Hardware—made up of sensors, actuators and embedded communication hardware Middleware—on demand storage and computing tools for data analytics. Presentation—novel easy to understand visualization and interpretation tools which can be widely accessed on different platforms and which can be designed for different applications.

11. Cloud Centric Internet of Things: • The vision of IoT can be seen from two perspectives—‘Internet’ centric and ‘Thing’ centric. • The Internet centric architecture will involve internet services being the main focus while data is contributed by the objects. • In the object centric architecture , the smart objects take the center stage.

14. COMBINATION of IoT • The Internet of Things is a combination of

15. 1.SENSORS & ACTUATORS • We are giving our world a digital nervous system • Location Data – GPS sensors • Eyes & ears – Camera & microphones • Digital sensory organs that can measure everything from temperature to pressure changes.

16. 2.CONNECTIVITY • There are several types of connectivity: • PAN: Personal Area Network • LAN: Local Area Network • NAN: Neighbourhood Area Network • WAN: Wide Area Network

17. 3.PEOPLE & PROCESSES • These networked inputs can then be combined into bi-directional systems that integrate data, people, processes and systems for better decision making

18. LITERATURE SURVEY • Internet of things is an integrated part of future internet and could be defined as a dynamic global network. • IOT things are expected to become active participants in business , information and social process. • IOT can communicate between human and things and , between things

19. OUTLINE OF OUR PROJECT ( IOT in connected cars) • In Connected cars using IOT we can able to obtain all sorts of things as include below, which Is useful for forth coming future • connected car is a car that is equipped with Internet access, and usually also with a wireless local area network. • This allows the car to share internet access with other devices both inside as well as outside the vehicle.

20. IOT IN CONNECTED CARS( con) • Lead to my destination • Keep me safe. • Monitor maintain and fix my car • Control my car remotely • Safeguard me and avoid distraction • Avoid theft

21. TECHNOLOGIES REQUIRED FOR IOT • RFID(radio frequency identification) • WIFI IEEE - 802.11 • QR CODE ( quick response) • Sensor and smart phones • Zig bee IEEE – 802.15.4

22. FUTURE of IOT in CC • World sensor network • Daily life traffic monitoring, shopping etc… • Tracking and shipping of goods. • Unpredictable developments

23. COMPONENTS REQUIRED • Chip PN7120 Zig bee IEEE 802.15.4

24. MAIN COMPONENT RASPBERRY PI IOT KIT :

25. FINAL OUTCOME OF OUR PROJECT

26. INTERNET OF THINGS in INDIA • The internet of things is now growing exponentially and is reaching different verticals and industries. India is one of the countries where a lot of innovation is happening around IoT across different verticals and technologies. • The IoT ecosystem in India is mainly driven by 3 players: • Government, •  Industry • Startups

27. Government: There is a lot of scope for IoT in India and Government has rightly recognised it and working towards it. The government has taken initiative and framed a draft policy to fulfill a vision of developing a connected, secure and a smart system based on our country’s needs. Government’s objective is to create an IoT industry in India of USD 15 billion by 2020.

28. One of the key initiatives of the Government is to build smart cities across the country. Major aspects of a smart city being focused by the Government are: • Smart parking • Intelligent transport system • Tele-care • Woman Safety • Smart grids • Smart urban lighting • Waste management • Smart city maintenance • Digital-signage • Water Management

29. Protocol stacks for unconstrained (left) and constrained (right) IoT nodes

30. System architecture of “Padova Smart City”

31. Example of data collected by Padova Smart City: (a) temperature and (b) humidity.Data collected by Padova Smart City: (a) light and (b) benzene.

34. No: 1 Google GlassThe amazing internet connected glasses that contain a camera, microphone, display and will generally revolutionize the wearable device market.

35. No:2 Withings Scale These are wifi-enabled scales that recognize you, send your weight and body fat % to your phone and even measures air quality in your room.

36. No: 3 Delphi ConnectA wonderful way of connecting your car to your phone, allowing remote controls and diagnostics.

37. No: 4 Sense MotherLike a mother, you now have a device that looks after you. It connects lots of sensors that will take care of your health, safety and well being.

38. No: 5 TrackdotIt will monitor your luggage on air travel and text you when it arrives at the destination as well as how far it is from the luggage belt.

39. No: 6 Jawbone Up This smart wearable device will sync with your phone and help you monitor your activities, calories as well as sleep.

40. No: 7 Fitbit ZIPGreat entry level device to start monitoring your activities calories. With that price tag anyone can enter the revolution. There is more from Fitbit…

41. No: 8 SkyBellA wifi connected door bell that allows you to remotely answer your door and receive alerts in form of pictures to see who’s calling… receive alerts in form of pictures to see who’s calling…

42. No: 9 Moto 360Google powered smart watch equipped with Android-based operating system. The possibilities are endless.

43. No: 10 Smart Tennis Sensor A device by Sony that will make your tennis game a lot smarter. Currently only available in Japan…

44. No: 11 SeptimuEarbudsMicrosoft Research work in progress - will allow sensors in ear buds to work out what mood you are in.

45. No: 12 LIFX light bulbA energy efficient and wifi enabled light bulb that you can control from your smartphone – you can even change colours and mood.

46. No: 13 Smart Ice Cubes Smart ice cubes that pulse to the beat of the music but most importantly monitor how much and how fast you are drinking.

47. No: 14 BiknThumb-sized electronic tags which you can attach to any of your possessions, and then locate them through your phone’s GPS.

48. No: 15 Smart Diapers Disposable diapers with in-built sensors that parents and paediatricians can use to track a child’s health.

49. No: 16 Smart Notifications Software from Base that determines when it is the best time to send you notifications, based on an understanding of how you use your devices.

50. No: 17 Kensington ProximoStops you losing your phone by sending you an alert to your key fob when you are moving a certain distance away from your phone.