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Chapter 2

Chapter 2. Powerpoint Questions. Q1. Neuroscience. A1. A branch of the life sciences that deals with the structure and function of neurons, nerves, and nervous tissue. Q2. Computed tomography (CT). A2. Brain imaging method using computer controlled x-rays of the brain. Q3. Dendrites.

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Chapter 2

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  1. Chapter 2 Powerpoint Questions

  2. Q1 • Neuroscience

  3. A1 • A branch of the life sciences that deals with the structure and function of neurons, nerves, and nervous tissue

  4. Q2 • Computed tomography (CT)

  5. A2 • Brain imaging method using computer controlled x-rays of the brain

  6. Q3 • Dendrites

  7. A3 • Branchlike structures that receive messages from other neurons

  8. Q4 • Soma

  9. A4 • The part of the neuron called the cell body that keeps the entire cell alive and functioning

  10. Q5 • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

  11. A5 • Brain-imaging method using radio waves and magnetic fields of the body to produce detailed images of the brain

  12. Q6 • Sympathetic divisions (fight or flight)

  13. A6 • Part of the ANS that is responsible for reacting to stressful evens and bodily arousal

  14. Q7 • Agonists

  15. A7 • Chemical substances that mimic or enhance the effects of a neurotransmitter on the receptor sites of the next cell, increasing or decreasing the activity of that cell

  16. Q8 • Input into the nervous system is accomplished by

  17. A8 • Sensory neurons/ afferent neurons

  18. Q9 • Nerves

  19. A9 • Bundles of axons coated in myelin that travel together through the body.

  20. Q10 • Action potential

  21. A10 • The release of the neural impulse consisting of a reversal of the electrical charge within the axon

  22. Q11 • Electroencephalogram (EEG)

  23. A11 • A recording of the electrical activity of large groups of cortical neurons just below the skull, most often using scalp electrodes.

  24. Q12 • The smallest of glial cells that engulf and break down dead and dying neurons

  25. A12 • microglia

  26. Q13 • SSRI

  27. A13 • Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor

  28. Q14 • Antagonists

  29. A14 • Chemical substances that block or reduce a cell’s response to the action of other chemicals or neurotransmitters

  30. Q15 • Function of the brain

  31. A15 • Interprets and stores information and sends orders to muscles, glands, organs

  32. Q16 • What muscles are impacted by acetylcholine

  33. A16 • Skeletal muscles are stimulated; cardiac muscle is slowed

  34. Q17 • Three parts to a neuron

  35. A17 • 1) Soma, 2) dendrites, 3) axons

  36. Q18 • Positron emission tomography

  37. A18 • Brain-imaging method in which a radioactive sugar is injected into the subject and a computer compiles a color-coded image of the activity of the brain

  38. Q19 • Parasympathetic division

  39. A19 • Part of the ANS that restores the body to normal functioning after arousal and is responsible for the day to day functioning of the organs and glands.

  40. Q20 • Hypothalamus

  41. A20 • Small structure in the brain located below the thalamus and directly above the pituitary gland, responsible for motivational behavior such as sleep, hunger, thirst, and sex

  42. Q21 • The peripheral nervous system is made up of what two further divisions

  43. A21 • Autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system

  44. Q22 • Enzymatic degradation

  45. A22 • Process by which structure of neurotransmitter is altered so it can no longer act on a receptor.

  46. Q23 • The defining feature of the central nervous system

  47. A23 • The components are encased in bone

  48. Q24 • Endocrine glands

  49. A24 • Glands that secrete chemicals called hormones directly into bloodstream

  50. Q25 • Three functions of the nervous system are

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