Maarten A. Siebel Assoc. Professor of Environmental Biotechnology UNESCO-IHE

1. FROM WATER SCARCITY TO SUSTAINABLE WATER USE IN THE WEST BANK, PALESTINE Maarten A. Siebel Assoc. Professor of Environmental Biotechnology UNESCO-IHE DELFT, THE NETHERLANDS Maarten Siebel – UNESCO-IHE Dima Nazer – Technical college Hebron, Palestine

3. The West Bank has, for political reasons, less water than is naturally available Palestinian abstraction 119 Mm3/year Total recharge 679 Mm3/year Israeli abstraction 648 Mm3/year Balance: - 88 Mm3/year (2006) and increasing due to population/economic growth

4. USA 366m3 Israel 300m3 Europe 232 m3 West Bank 50 m3

5. Reducing material input and – thus – final disposal Re-use of product Recycling of production waste Resources Production Productuse Material recycling of end-of-life product Final disposal

6. Approach towards water use Wastewater

7. Increasing material use efficiency resources products products products waste waste waste

8. Domestic water use • Rain water harvesting systems • Install dry toilets • Grey water reuse systems • Low flow shower heads and faucet aerators • Prevent leakage

9. Industrial water use Water Water Process A Process B Process C Product Raw material Used-water Used-water Used-water Evaluate quality Evaluate quality Evaluate quality Used-water treatment Used-water treatment Used-water treatment Minimum waste disposal

10. Agricultural Water Use • Expanding rain-fed agriculture • Virtual water trade • Changing cropping patterns according to water use • Used-water reuse • Efficient irrigation systems • Water pricing

11. In conclusion

12. Maarten A. Siebelm.siebel@unesco-ihe.org