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TURKEY AWOS TRAINING 1.0 / ALANYA 2005 TRAINING COURSE ON AUTOMATED WEATHER OBSERVING SYSTEMS

TURKEY AWOS TRAINING 1.0 / ALANYA 2005 TRAINING COURSE ON AUTOMATED WEATHER OBSERVING SYSTEMS ( AWOS ) MODULE C.2: COMMUNICATION SONER KARATAŞ ELECTRONIC OBSERVING SYTEMS DIVISION TURKISH STATE METEOROLOGICAL SERVICE. INTRODUCTION. Real Time Cabled Communication Wireless Communication.

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TURKEY AWOS TRAINING 1.0 / ALANYA 2005 TRAINING COURSE ON AUTOMATED WEATHER OBSERVING SYSTEMS

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  1. TURKEY AWOS TRAINING 1.0 / ALANYA 2005 TRAINING COURSE ON AUTOMATED WEATHER OBSERVING SYSTEMS ( AWOS ) MODULE C.2: COMMUNICATION SONER KARATAŞ ELECTRONIC OBSERVING SYTEMS DIVISION TURKISH STATE METEOROLOGICAL SERVICE

  2. INTRODUCTION • Real Time • Cabled Communication • Wireless Communication • Communication betweenDCU and local station • Off-Line • Memory Card • Communication between local station and remote centre • Cabled Communication • Wireless Communication • Communication between DCU and remote centre • Cabled Communication • Wireless Communication

  3. Communication betweenDCU and local station Communication between DCU and local station can be separeted as Real Time Communication Off-line communication.

  4. Real Time Communication • A station providing data to users of meteorological observations in real time, typically at programmed times, but also in emergency conditions or upon external request. • Typical real-time uses would be the provision of data for synoptic use and the monitoring of critical warning states such as storms, river, or tide levels.

  5. Cabled Communication • RS232 • RS485 • Short Haul Modem

  6. RS232 • The RS-232C standard is an asynchronous serial communication method for distances up to 15ft. • Serial means that the information is sent 1-bit at a time. • Asynchronous means that the information isn't sent at predefined time slots (like with a fixed clock, for instance).

  7. RS232

  8. RS485 • RS485 standard is an asynchronous serial communication method for distances up to 4000ft. • An RS-485 network can be connected in a 2 or 4 wire mode.  • Maximum cable length can be as much as 4000 feet because of the differential voltage transmission system used. • The RS232 may be converted to RS485 with a simple interface converter.

  9. RS485 CONNECTION

  10. Short Haul Modem • Short haul modems are cheap solutions to systems of short ranges (up to 15 km), which use private lines and are not part of a public system.

  11. Short Haul Modem • Short haul modems are distance-sensitive, because signal attenuation occurs as the signal travels through the line.

  12. Short Haul Modem • The transmission rate must be lowered to ensure consistent and error-free transmission on longer distances.

  13. Wireless Communication • Wireless communication system has a number of advantages. • It is a simple matter to relocate a communicating device, and no additional cost of rewiring and excessive downtime is associated with such a move. • It is also a simple matter to add in a communication device to the system or remove one from the system without any disruption to the remainder of the system. • The cost of running and maintaining a radio based communications solution is minimal.

  14. Radio Modem • Radio modems encode, transmit and decode the data. • They use radio waves for data transmission. • And this medium of transmission gives user a lot of advantage over the wired data transfer.

  15. Radio Modem There are three stages of communication: • Data encoding: Transmitting radio modem takes data from the source system and encodes it • Data transmission: Once encoded, the transmitting radio modem transmits the encoded data as radio waves with certain pre-defined frequency. • Data Reception: The receiving radio modem receives the radio waves transmitted on the pre-defined frequency (like our radio instrument), decodes the data to its original format and provides it to the connected device

  16. Radio Modem

  17. Off-Line Communication • Off-line AWOS: A station recording data on site on internal or external data storage devices eventually combined with a display of actual data. • The intervention of an observer is required to send stored data to the remote data user. Typical stations are climatological and simple aidtotheobserver stations.

  18. Memory Card • Data can be downloaded from datalogger to memory card.

  19. Memory Card • After pulling data, data can be easily transfer to main PC with using memory car reader.

  20. Communication between local station and remote centre • Communication between local station and remote centre can be separeted as Cabled Communication and Wireless Communication. • Main difference between local station- remote centre and DCU-local station is the distance. • Distance between local station and remote centre increases respect to between DCU and local station.

  21. Cabled Communication • Dial up Modem • Leased Line Modem • Internet Network ( TCP / IP )

  22. Dial up Modem • Dial-up modems can establish point-to-point connections on the public switched telephone network ( PSTN ) by any combination of manual or automatic dialing or answering. • The quality of the circuit is not guaranteed, but all phone companies establish objectives. The links established are almost always 2-wire because 4-wire dialing is tedious and expensive.

  23. Leased Line Modem • Leased, private or dedicated lines (usually 4-wire) are for the exclusive use of "leased-line" modems - either pair (in a simple point-to-point connection) or several (on a multidrop network contention) system

  24. Internet Network ( TCP / IP ) • Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is a set of protocols or rules developed to allow cooperating computers to share resources across a network. • Data is given from local station to remote centre using direct connection to TCP / IP network

  25. Internet Network ( TCP / IP )

  26. Wireless Communication • Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM ) • Satellite

  27. Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM ) • Global system for mobile communication (GSM) is a globally accepted standard for digital cellular communication. • GSM system is optional data communication system . • The GSM system is ideal when VHF/UHF data transmission is not possible due to unattain­able line of sight between the radio transmitter and receiver.

  28. Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM )

  29. Satellite

  30. Satellite

  31. Communication between DCU and remote centre Communication between DCU and remote centre can be separeted as • Cabled Communication • Wireless Communication

  32. Cabled Communication • Dial-Up Modem • Leased Line Modem • Internet Network (TCP / IP )

  33. Dial-Up Modem

  34. Leased Line Modem • Leased, private or dedicated lines (usually 4-wire) are for the exclusive use of "leased-line" modems - either pair (in a simple point-to-point connection) or several (on a multidrop network ) contention system.

  35. Internet Network (TCP / IP )

  36. Wireless Communication • Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM ) • Satellite

  37. Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM )

  38. Satellite

  39. CONCLUSION • Real Time • Cabled Communication • Wireless Communication • Communication betweenDCU and local station • Off-Line • Memory Card • Communication between local station and remote centre • Cabled Communication • Wireless Communication • Communication between DCU and remote centre • Cabled Communication • Wireless Communication

  40. THANKS THANK YOU FOR YOUR PATIENT AND YOUR ATTENDANCE DO YOU HAVE ANY QUESTION ? Soner Karataş skaratas@meteor.gov.tr

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