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Meters

Meters. Simple meter: Duple, Triple, Quadruple Compound meters: Sextuple = Compound Duple 6 beats BUT with accents on 1 & 4 Compound Triple 9 beats BUT with accents on 1 & 4 & 7. Harmony. simultaneous happenings in music Vertical space (depth) What happens underneath the melody

aileen-palmer
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Meters

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  1. Meters • Simple meter: • Duple, Triple, Quadruple • Compound meters: • Sextuple = Compound Duple • 6 beats BUT with accents on 1 & 4 • Compound Triple • 9 beats BUT with accents on 1 & 4 & 7

  2. Harmony • simultaneous happenings in music • Vertical space (depth) • What happens underneath the melody • like the illusion of perspective or depth in painting • AKA: movement and relationship of intervals and chords

  3. Harmony • Intervals, distance between any two tones • Horizontal--melodic • Vertical--harmonic • Scale, collection of intervals • Do-re-mi-fa-sol-la-ti-do • Chord, combination of 3 or more tones (usually from the scale) • Do/mi/sol or 1/3/5 = major chord

  4. Harmonic behavior • Tonic, “do” of the scale • the chord built with “do” as the root • “Aka” “keynote” • greatest gravitational pull • Chords exhibit in a hierarchy, with the tonic at the top • Major tonality (tonic is a major chord) • Minor tonality (tonic is a minor chord) • dissonance, chords that sound unstable • Create motion (often toward tonic) • consonance, stable, at rest

  5. FORM • Form is defined by repetition and contrast • Repetition (A A) • Contrast (A B A) • Variation (A A1 A2 ...)

  6. FORM • What is the form of “Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star? • ABBA • What is the form of “Goodbye, Old paint?” • ABA

  7. NAMESOF BASIC FORMS • BINARY ( A vs. B) • Greensleeves (variation & binary) • A (a a1) A1 (a a1) B (b b1) • TERNARY (A B A) • Goodbye Old Paint • A B A • STROPHIC (many verses sung to the same music) • “Yesterday” (Beatles) • “Yesterday all my troubles … (A) • “Suddenly there’s a shadow … (A)

  8. Building Blocks of Form • Theme • A melodic idea used as a building block of form. • Thematic development: elaborating or varying a musical idea • Example of thematic development: Beethoven’s fifth symphony

  9. Texture • the interaction of musical lines (musical fabric) • 1. Monophony/monophonic single line • Gregorian chant • Native American traditional music • 2. polyphony -more than one melody together • Imitation: a common form of polyphony • Canon & round (“Row, row, row your boat”) • Rimsky Korsakov Capriccio Espagnol • 3. homophony- one melody with supporting harmony • Shall We Gather at the River • Pictures at an Exhibition

  10. Texture • What texture are these examples? • Stravinsky • Mozart Piano Concerto • Hungarian traditional song • Billings, “Chester”

  11. DYNAMICS • Relative Quietness or Loudness Piano Fortep f (quiet) (loud)

  12. DYNAMICS • The relative gradation scale:Pianissimo Piano mezzo-piano mezzo-forte forte fortissimoppp mp mf f ff(quieter) (louder) • decrescendo-getting quieter • crescendo-getting louder

  13. TEMPO • Speed of the pulse • SLOW Fastadagio presto

  14. TIMBRE Properties of Sound • Pitch • Duration • Volume • Timbre

  15. GENRE • The category or type of music • Often related to performing forces

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