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The Renal System

The Renal System. Lumen. Blood. Na +. glu. 3 Na +. P c 13 mm Hg. Na +.  {Na + }. ATP ase. aa. (-ve). 2 K +. 2 K +. Na +. ATP ase. Oncotic P 32 mm Hg. H +. 3 Na + H 2 O. H 2 O. Net re-absorption. Sodium re-absorption. Chloride is reabsorbed with Sodium. Objectives.

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The Renal System

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  1. The Renal System

  2. Lumen Blood Na+ glu 3Na+ Pc 13 mm Hg Na+ {Na+} ATPase aa (-ve) 2K+ 2K+ Na+ ATPase Oncotic P 32 mm Hg H+ 3Na+ H2O H2O Net re-absorption

  3. Sodium re-absorption • Chloride is reabsorbed with Sodium.

  4. Objectives • To describe the characteristics of the different parts of the loop of Henle • To describe the functions of the loop of Henle

  5. 300mosm/litre 600mosm/litre 900mosm/litre 1200mosm/litre

  6. Loop of Henle Thin descending Characteristic permeable to water. Less Permeable to solute. Functions • 15-20% of filtered water is reabsorbed

  7. Loop of Henle Thin ascending Characteristic Not permeable to water. Permeable to solute. Functions • Passive re-absorption of NaCl

  8. Loop of Henle Thick ascending Characteristic Not permeable to water Actively transporting solute. Functions • Active re-absorption of 20-25% of Na+, K+ and Cl- • Passive re-absorption of bicarbonate, ammonia and Calcium. • Secretion of Hydrogen

  9. Re-absorption in the Thick Ascending 3Na+ Tubular lumen ECF 2K + Na+ 3Na+ K + 2Cl- 2K + 2K + 3Na+ 1 Na+, 1K+ and 2Cl- co-transporter

  10. Loop of Henle Summary of transport in the loop of Henle • Re-absorption of 15-20% of H2O • Re-absorption of 20-25% of Na+, K+ and Cl- • Secretion of H+ • Re-absorption of bicarbonate

  11. Early Distal Tubules 3Na+ Tubular lumen ECF 2K + Na+ 3Na+ Cl- 2K + 2K + 3Na+

  12. Late Distal Tubules and Collecting Duct Principal cell 3Na+3 Tubular lumen ECF 2K + Na+ 3Na+ 2K + K+ 2K + 3Na+ Aldosterone dependent transport

  13. Summary of Sodium re-absorption • Sodium filtered is about 26000 mmol/day. • Sodium excretion in urine is 150 mmol/day. • Percentage of sodium re-absorbed is 99.4%.

  14. Summary of Sodium re-absorption Proximal tubule: • 60-70% of filtered sodium is re-absorbed actively. • Glucose, amino acids, lactate and phosphate are co-transported with sodium. • hydrogen is counter transported with sodium. • Chloride is reabsorbed with sodium. • 60-70 of filtered water is re-absorbed following the osmotic gradient created by sodium re-absorption.

  15. Summary of Sodium re-absorption Loop of Henle: • Thin descending part does not re-absorb sodium. • Thin ascending passively re- absorbs sodium.. • Thick part of the loop re-absorbs 20-25% of sodium actively. • Chloride and potassium are co-transported with sodium in the loop.

  16. Summary of Sodium re-absorption Early Distal Tubule: • Sodium is actively re-absorbed. • Chloride is co-transported with sodium.

  17. Summary of Sodium re-absorption Late Distal Tubule and Collecting Ducts: • Sodium re-absorption is regulated by the hormone Aldosterone. • Aldosterone increases sodium re-absorption in principal cells. • Atrial natriuretic hormone decreases sodium re-absorption in principal cells.

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