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Imaging of the Renal System

Imaging of the Renal System. Dr. Reshaid AlJurayyan Department of Radiology. OUTLINE. Introduction Imaging modalities Anatomy Cases. INTRODUCTION. What is radiology? It is a medical specialty that employs the use of imaging to both diagnose and treat disease within the human body.

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Imaging of the Renal System

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  1. Imaging of the Renal System Dr. Reshaid AlJurayyan Department of Radiology

  2. OUTLINE • Introduction • Imaging modalities • Anatomy • Cases

  3. INTRODUCTION • What is radiology? It is a medical specialty that employs the use of imaging to both diagnose and treat disease within the human body. • What is the renal system? Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra.

  4. IMAGING MODALITIES • Conventional radiography • Intravenous urogram (IVU) • US • CT • MRI • Nuclear medicine

  5. Conventional radiography • First imaging modality. • Cheap. • Useful for radio-opaque stones.

  6. Conventional radiography Image features: • Projectional image. • Image contrast determined by tissue density. • Good evaluation radio-opaque stones.

  7. IVU • Conventional x-ray plus intravenous contrast. • Cheap. • Recently replaced by CT and MRI. • Useful for radio-opaque stones.

  8. IVU Image features: • Projectional image. • Image contrast determined by tissue density and IV contrast. • Good evaluation of collecting system and radio-opaque stones.

  9. US • Use high frequency sound wave. • Contrast between tissue is determined by sound reflection.

  10. US Image features: • Operator dependant. • Projectional image. • Good resolution. • Used for stone, hydronephrosis, focal lesion.

  11. CT • Same basic principle of radiography. • More precise. • Costly. • +/- contrast. • Useful for trauma, stone, tumor, infection.

  12. CT Image features: • Cross sectional images. • Image contrast determined by tissue density +/- contrast. • Better evaluation of soft tissue.

  13. MRI • Better evaluation of soft tissue. • Expensive. • Useful for soft tissue pathology: tumor, infection.

  14. MRI Image features: • Cross sectional images. • Image contrast determine by tissue properties. • Excellent for soft tissue evaluation.

  15. Nuclear medicine • Utilizes a gamma camera and radioactive isotopes. • Functional test. • Less expensive. • Useful for: obstruction and split function.

  16. Nuclear medicine Image features: • Projectional image. • Image contrast by tissue uptake and metabolism.

  17. ANATOMY

  18. CASES

  19. What are the imaging modalities? • What are the findings? • Diagnosis?

  20. Case (1) • Young male patient presenting with left flank pain and hematuria, no fever and normal WBC count.

  21. Case (2) • Middle aged woman presenting with flank pain, fever and high WBC.

  22. Case (3) • Elderly male patient with recurrent urinary tract infections.

  23. Case (4) • Young female presenting with decreased renal function (high urea and creatinine level).

  24. Case (5) • Elderly male patient with painless hematuria and weight loss.

  25. Case (6) • Young male patient involved in a motor vehicle accident with blunt trauma to the abdomen.

  26. Renal trauma grading

  27. THANK YOU

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