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Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings

Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings. C-8: Green buildings & Environmental policies Saturday 6-7-2013, 9:00-10:30, #140 Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Real Estate & Housing Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment Delft University of Technology The Netherlands

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Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings

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  1. Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings C-8: Green buildings & Environmental policies Saturday 6-7-2013, 9:00-10:30, #140 Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Real Estate & Housing Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment Delft University of Technology The Netherlands (corresponding author p.dejong@tudelft.nl) Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing

  2. Introduction • Evans (1998): 1:5:200 (initial costs : building operating costs : corporate operating costs) • Hughes (2004) and Ive (2007): 1:0,4-1,5:12-15 (initial costs : building operating costs ), limited # offices • Evans received a warm response, diminished impact but still key focus. Need for additional data per typology of building Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing

  3. Introduction Operating costs related to the year of building – Benchmark HEVO and cases JvL Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing

  4. Research process For each case the collected data was: • general data on the school • drawings, as supplied for the building permit • energy calculations (EPC) also as supplied for this permit • investment calculations, source municipality/governing body of the school • operating costs for 2 years, source governing body of the school • energy use • cleaning • maintenance (preventive) and service Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing

  5. Research process Presentation of GPR results, on the left some remarkable qualities (in this case social secure, proper state of maintenance, good daylight and accessibility and good environmental materials) and the energy label, and on the right the performance on the 5 themes: Energy, Environment, Health, User Quality and Future Value. Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing

  6. Life cycle costs Graphical representation of costs (NEN-ISO, 2008) Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing

  7. Life cycle costs Electricity Natural gas Building prices Consumer index Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing

  8. Cases: TrinitasCollege, Johannes Bosco Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing

  9. Cases: Trinitas College, Johannes Bosco Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing

  10. Cases (9) NiekeeRoermond SevenwoldenHeerenveen CasparusWeesp Lek en Linge Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing

  11. Cross case analysis Operating costs related to the year of building – Benchmark HEVO and cases JvL Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing

  12. Cross case analysis Energy Environment Health Userquality Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing

  13. Cross case analysis • Case H, the comprehensive school Were Di is doing well due to: • Low initial costs of € 1267 per m2 GFA • Very low cleaning costs of € 8,50 per m2 GFA • Average maintenance costs of € 14,70 per m2 GFA • Low energy costs of € 12,10 per m2 GFA Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing

  14. Cross case analysis • Case F, the Insula college is not doing well due to: • Low initial costs of € 1255 per m2 GFA • High cleaning costs of € 20 per m2 GFA • Low maintenance costs of € 11,60 per m2 GFA • Very high energy costs of € 22,60 per m2 GFA Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing

  15. Cross case analysis • division of LCC in the standard scenario Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing

  16. Conclusion • Focus (design process) on optimisation of initial costs and operating costs; LCC as tool. • Follow-up, especially installations after completion. • Theoretical performance (EPC) is not reached in most cases. Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing

  17. Conclusion • Evans (1998): 1:5:200 (initial costs : building operating costs : corporate operating costs) • Hughes (2004) and Ive (2007): 1:0,4-1,5:12-15 (initial costs : building operating costs ), limited # offices • Delft (2012): 1:1,15-1,59(initial costs : building operating costs ), limited # schools • Educational sector 79% staffing costs(to relate the Delft ratio to Evans) • Building related costs modest, cost cutting minor positive impact, large negative impact on performance. Quality minor financial consequences, large positive impact on life cycle cost and user appreciation. Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing

  18. Conclusion • Building costs per m2 GFA versus performance on energy (GPR, higher score is better performance) • Common fallacy sustainable buildings are more expensive is not correctlimited # schools, trend line is arguable Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing

  19. Questions • Questions • Discussion • Information/copieshttp://repository.tudelft.nl/Peter de Jong (p.dejong@tudelft.nl) Life Cycle Costs of Dutch school buildings Peter de Jong & Monique Arkesteijn Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment/Real Estate and Housing

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