THE IMPACT OF THE AGE OF EXPLORATION

1. THE IMPACT OF THE AGE OF EXPLORATION

2. Essential Question: What were the global impacts of the European Age of Exploration?

3. The Impact of the Age of Exploration EUROPE

4. Europe was greatly impacted by the Age of Exploration Overseas colonies increased the wealth of European nations and the power of kings Spain’s King Philip II

5. This was especially true in Spain where the influx of gold turned Spain into one of the wealthiest and most powerful nations in Europe

6. ENGLAND The increase in trade led to the growth of capitalism, especially in England and the Netherlands NETHERLANDS

7. Capitalism is a system in which merchants trade and invest money in order to make a profit; prices are determined by supply and demand

8. Citizens can invest money in companies like the British East India Company and share in the profits

9. Mercantilism Nations developed an economic policy called mercantilism based upon the idea that national power comes from a favorable balance of trade As a result, colonies are needed to supply the mother country with cheap raw materials

10. Due to mercantilism, a “triangular trade” developed between Europe, their overseas colonies, and Africa

11. The Impact of the Age of Exploration Asia, America, Africa

12. Asia was greatly impacted by the Age of Exploration The Portuguese and Dutch seized trade ports in the Spice Islands and in India in order to gain exotic goods like cotton and spices

13. European merchants began to dominate trade in China and Japan and converted many people to Christianity

14. America was greatly impacted by the Age of Exploration

15. Catholic missionaries introduced Christianity to the American Indians

16. The introduction of new foods, plants, and animals between America and Europe was called the Columbian Exchange

17. The introduction of European grains, horses, and cattle transformed many Indian cultures The introduction of potatoes and corn helped improve the diets and life expectancy of people throughout the world

18. The introduction of European diseases like smallpox and influenza killed as many as 90% of Native Americans

19. Europeans introduced the plantation system in America

20. These large cash crop farms were called encomiendas

21. Encomiendasrequired a large supply of workers, which increased the need for slaves (especially after disease killed off so many Indians)

22. The demand for workers on American plantations, especially in the Caribbean and Brazil, led to the African slave trade; disease killed most of the Indians, so Europeans looked to Africa as a source of slaves Africa was greatly impacted by the Age of Exploration

23. Slave Ships

24. The “Coffin” position used below deck

26. African captives being thrown overboard

27. Slave auction upon arrival in America

28. Hard labor at a sugar plantation in Haiti

29. For 300 years, slaves were sold in West Africa and brought to America along a route across the Atlantic Ocean known as the Middle Passage

30. The majority of African slaves worked in harsh conditions on sugar and indigo plantations or in gold and silver mines

31. The Atlantic Slave Trade remains one of history’s worst atrocities Africans were treated like things, not people; this led to brutal treatment and indifference to their lives and well-being

32. The Atlantic Slave Trade uprooted millions of Africans from their native lands, split up countless families, and led to miserable lives for those who were enslaved

33.  Revamped by Christopher Jaskowiak Thanks to Brooks Baggett for the original slides