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Hammersmith "Saugus" Ironworks

Hammersmith "Saugus" Ironworks. David Irving and Dan Hanson. National Historic Site. Background Information.

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Hammersmith "Saugus" Ironworks

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  1. Hammersmith "Saugus" Ironworks David Irving and Dan Hanson

  2. National Historic Site

  3. Background Information Hammersmith Ironworks is also known as Saugus Ironworks. Hammersmith is the name of the colony that was named after a town in England. Saugus is a Native American name for the river it was on. It is more commonly called Saugus today because the town it is in is now called Saugus, MA.

  4. Founder Hammersmith Ironworks was fouded by John Winthrop Jr., who was a non-first born child looking to make money. Often, only the first born was able to make the big bucks because of inheritance. After a few years he was replaced by Richard Leader who ran the company until it went bankrupt. John Winthrop Jr.

  5. 1646-1668 Hammersmith Ironworks was the first fully integrated, or can do everything, ironworks in the colonies. It provided all of the tools and utensils that were not brought over from England. This consisted of things such as axes, saws, hoes, pots, and kettles. After 22 years, Hammersmith went out of business due to mismanagement and overproduction.

  6. Location In the Massachusetts Bay Colony area, specifically around Boston, there are large deposits of iron ore. This was good for obtaining iron to be made into tools and utensils. Like most industries of the day, it was powered by water wheels, so it was placed on the Saugus River, which provided seemingly endless power. The river also allowed them to trade with other colonies which was good for business.

  7. Pioneers Hammersmith Ironworks was the first ironworks in the colonies. It was one of twelve ironworks in the world, at the time, that was fully integrated. That means it had a blast furnace, forge, and a refinery.

  8. Labor Force The Hammersmith Colony was set up as an ironworks colony. It was populated by the workers and their families. The workforce was a combination of skilled and unskilled workers. The unskilled laborers did tasks like filling the stove or chopping wood. The skilled workers were the ones who managed equipment or made things from the iron. Later on, Scottish prisoners were shipped over to work and live in Hammersmith. Also, two Native Americans chopped wood for the same wages as the colonists, which was a big deal.

  9. New England Economy The New England economy was industry based, and had a lot of hard workers. Most people who came over were here to work. A lot of poor people in England came over to have a better life and were motivated to work. This led to the Economy being strong. Also, since they had less farms, it led it to be a trade center for goods.

  10. After After Hammersmith closed down, many of the workers went off and started their own ironworks. This lead to the major iron industry in the colonies. This helped start making the colonies self-supporting and not having to rely on Britain for supplies.

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