1 / 22

Agriculture

Agriculture. Define- Deliberate modification of Earth’s surface through the cultivation of plants and rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain. II. First agriculture revolution Hunters and gatherers 1 st agricultural revolution – domestication (10-12,000 years ago)

aisha
Download Presentation

Agriculture

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Agriculture • Define- Deliberate modification of Earth’s surface through the cultivation of plants and rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain

  2. II. First agriculture revolution • Hunters and gatherers • 1st agricultural revolution – domestication (10-12,000 years ago) • Animals – evidence, purpose Domesticated after plants

  3. D. Hearth areas 1. Vegetative Southeast Asia, West Africa South America 2. Seeds India / Fertile Crescent East China, Mesoamerica

  4. III. Impact of domestication • Social • 1. Settlements • Social stratification • social evolution • 3. Writing • B. Economic • 1. Division of labor • Accumulation of material goods (wealth) • Wealth = need for security, army

  5. Demographic • Population growth • Sanitation • Epidemics (proximity) • Diet • D. Environmental - • Deforestation • Desertification, salinization • More hours of labor

  6. III. Second agricultural revolution III. Second agricultural revolution • IV. Second agricultural revolution • When • Climate • C. Innovations- techniques, technologies • D. Hearth area, diffusion • E. Impact D New techniques New technologies C. Hearth area, diffusion D. Impact

  7. V. Third - "Green Revolution" A. When B. Innovations C. Diffusion C. Impact - Moral economy

  8. World Agriculture Regions

  9. VI. Agriculture in LDCs A. Shifting agr (swidden, slash and burn) B. Pastoral nomadism • Intensive subsistence agr (rice) mulberry, fish, rice system

  10. D. Plantations Coffee Dollar Enclave economy Slavery/para-slavery

  11. VII. Agriculture in MDCs • Characteristics commercial, capital intensive large scale – US avg 449 acres US – 5% farms produce 75% total agr

  12. B. Dairy farming C. Grain farming • Livestock ranching Mixed farming

  13. Labor Force in Agriculture, 2005 Fig. 10-3: A large proportion of workers in most LDCs are in agriculture, while only a small percentage of workers in MDCs are engaged in agriculture.

  14. VIII. Von Thunen Isolated State Model • distance and transport costs • Assumptions • Concentric zones • 1. • 2. • 3. • 4.

  15. IX. Global food supply • A. Distribution • Actual v. relative scarcity • B. International policies • Agricultural monopolies • Biofuels • Political instability • Urbanization • Environmental issues • D. Local instability

  16. Undernourished Proportion Fig. 10-16: The proportion of under-nourished population has declined in most LDCs, but is much higher in sub-Saharan Africa than in other areas of the world.

  17. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/04/26/AR2008042602041_3.html?sid=ST2008042602333http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/04/26/AR2008042602041_3.html?sid=ST2008042602333

More Related