Literary Terms etc.

1. Literary Terms etc. Student Generated Slide Shows from Mr. Batcheller’s 7th Period AP Lang./Comp. Class

2. Period 7By lena maitkova & Andie Riffer Movements

3. A notable change in direction within the literary world • Literary Movements include all of the following: Romanticism, Pre-Raphaelitism, Transcendentalism, Naturalism and many more. A Literary Movement

4. The adoption of a new style for a set period of time, typically within visual art, but it can apply to literature or architecture. • -baroque- exemplified by drama and granduer • Surreal-features elements of surprise and unexpected juxtapositions • Cubism-pioneered by Picasso, revolutionized art Artistic Movements

5. It draws upon ancient Greek or Roman culture and art. • After Baroque style • Dominant during mid 18th to end of 19th century Neoclassicism

6. Contains magical elements or illogical scenarios appear in otherwise realistic or “normal” settings • First used by Franz Roh • “[magical realism] is like a polite way of saying you write fantasy” –Terry Pritchett Magical Realism

7. Involves close reading of texts in order to demonstrate that, rather than being an unified whole, any given text has irreconcilably contradictory meanings. • Basically any book contradicts itself Deconstruction

8. Miscellaneous By Steve and Brian

9. e⋅piph⋅a⋅nya sudden, intuitive perception of or insight into the reality or essential meaning of something, usually initiated by some simple, homely, or commonplace occurrence or experience. • After Traveling to India and witnessing the way the people live, Jordan had an epiphany. • After attending a Lil’ Wayne concert, T-Pain had an epiphany realizing his true calling was being a singer, not a rapper. Epiphany

10. per⋅so⋅na - a person's perceived or evident personality, as that of a well-known official, actor, or celebrity; personal image; public role. • In The Great Gatsby, Nick’s personawas very observational and non-judgmental. Persona

11. De⋅no⋅ta⋅tion: The literal meaning of a word • Con⋅no⋅ta⋅tion: The secondary meaning associated with a word • Although the denotation of home is “a place of residence, the connotation of home can be “ a place of warmth and comfort”. Denotation/ Connotation

12. Au ⋅di ⋅ence: The person(s) reading a text, listening to a speaker, or watching a performance • It is important to consider one’s audience when writing to further get your point across and shed new light on their original thoughts. • Pink Floyd performs in front of rock-n-roll loving audiences across the world who also look for a chill time. Audience

13. Pur ⋅pose: The Reason for writing or doing something. It is the point that a writer is trying to get across through the work; the meaning or significance of the action • “Why do you think I have this gun? I’m gunna shoot you kitty, then I’m gunna shoot myself.” –Brian (He hates cats) Purpose/Intent

14. Forms & Genres Lorraine Hsiao Michelle Mah

15. MOD: How writing is developed. • Narration • Relating a story of event • Ex: The Great Gatsby, personal stories • Exposition • to inform, analyze, explain, define • Ex: TERM PAPER, Wikipedia entries, textbook Modes of Discourse

16. Description • What things are like according to the 5 senses • Ex: Valley of Ashes • Persuasion • To convince through logic, a.k.a argumentative • Ex: Trials, ethos, pathos, logos Modes of Discourse-cont

17. What occurs when someone is thinking about homework. • I should start my term paper…… • BUT, there is facebook. Volta

18. A turn of thought, usually indicated by BUT, AND YET, YET… etc. • In a Petrarchan Sonnet it usually occurs between the octet and the sestet. In a Shakespearean Sonnet it usually occurs between the 12th and the 13th line. Volta

19. A short story that teaches a moral. • Vs. Fable • Fable: use animal, plants, or forces of nature • EX: Parables told by Jesus • P.S. Parables can be about religious morals. Parable

20. A bamboo is too straight and firm, so if a strong wind blows the bamboo will break. In contrast a wheat stock is flexible and sways with the wind. A wheat stock will not break in the wind. • Moral: People have to be flexible in their behavior VS Our Parable

21. Written in a heroic poetry format to mock an non-heroic subject. • Ex: Canterbury Tales, the Nun’s priest tale • The tale about the chicken. MOCK heroic

22. Exaggerated emotions, characters, sense of maidenhood and scheming villainy • Ex: Pygmalion(1775) by Rousseau • Ex: Sweeny Todd, The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (1842) Melodrama~

23. STYLISTIC DEVICES Jackie Chung Benita Lin

24. The use of any of a variety of techniques to give an auxiliary meaning, idea, or feeling to the literary work What are stylistic devices?

25. Verisimilitude The quality of appearing true Ex: A teenager goes somewhere without the permission of her parents and tells her parents that she was at the library. By adding creative details about what happened at the library with add verisimilitude to the teenager’s story.

26. Chiasmus A literary scheme in which the author presents words or concepts in a certain order, then repeats in reversed order Ex: “I lead the life I love; I love the life I lead.” Ex: “Naked I rose from the earth; to the grave I fallclothed.”

27. Descriptions that allow the reader to understand a character’s thoughts and feelings (their “stream of conscious”) Ex: Thus do I ever make my fool my purse. For I mine own gained knowledge should profane If I would time expend with such a snipe But for my sport and profit. I hate the Moor, And it is thought abroad that 'twixt my sheets He's done my office. I know not if 't be true, But I, for mere suspicion in that kind, Will do as if for surety. He holds me well. The better shall my purpose work on him. (Othello, Act I, scene iii) - Iago Stream of consciousness

28. imagery = sensory detail that uses figurative language that involve the 5 senses (sight, smell, touch, taste, hearing) Gustatory imagery involves the sense of taste. Ex: The little girl started to cry when she felt the zesty red peppers leave a spicy sensation in her mouth. Ex: Accidentally eating a cup of yogurt over two weeks old, Ace couldn’t get the dry sour milk taste out of his mouth for the next month. Detail/imagery

29. A form of understatement which uses negation in order to emphasize the opposite Ex: “She was not a little cross.” (meaning: “She was very cross.”) Ex: “That wasn’t too bad.” (meaning: “That was pretty good.”) Litotes

30. Figures of Speech Created by Mr. Jordan Klein and Ms. NikkieSedaghat

31. One word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated to • Metonymy is contrasted with metaphor. Both figures substitute one term for another. • Metaphor example: That man is a pig. • Metonymy example: The White House supports the bill. Metonymy

32. "excessive pride“ • Extended metaphor with a complex logic that governs an entire poem or poetic passage. • Ex. Shakespeare's Sonnet 18 "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?". Conceit

33. An epithet is a descriptive word or series of words that replace the name of a person or thing. • One of the most popular examples of using epithets in literature is in Homer’s epic novel The Odyssey. • Some examples include “Grey-eyed Athene” and the “wine-dark sea.” Epithet

34. A euphemism occurs when one substitutes a more agreeable and less offensive expression in place of an expression that might offend someone. • An example might be if we refer to Brian’s grandpa as “chronologically advanced” or a “senior citizen,” instead of just old. • Likewise, we refer to sex as “intercourse.” Euphemism

35. figure of speech in which a part stands for a whole, an individual stands for a class, or a material stands for a thing. • For example, saying that Washington made a statement actually means that the President said something. Washington represents the larger executive branch. • Saying Brazil won the soccer match actually means their team did. Synecdoche

36. Logical Fallacies Joon Ha Lee and Kristin Charles

37. A "red herring" argument is one which diverts the audience from the issue in question through the introduction of an unrelated issue • In other words, 1) Topic X is under debate. 2) Topic Z is brought up with the appearance of being related to topic X, when it is actually irrelevant. 3) Topic X is forgotten Red Herring

38. The ‘slippery slope argument claims that some occurrence must unavoidably ensue from another with no support for the certainty of the event in question. • Event A has occurred, therefore Event B will occur, which causes Event C and Event D etc. until the conclusion is reached that Event A will cause Event Z. Slippery Slope

39. An argument in which the same word is used with two different meanings • Example: A feather is light. What is light cannot be dark. Therefore, a feather cannot be dark. Equivocation

40. Event A occurs before Event B, so Event A must be the cause of event B • Example: Joon Ha goes out in cold weather without a scarf. A week later, he catches a cold. His mother ‘logically’ concludes that going out without a scarf caused his cold Post Hoc

41. A false dilemma fallacy that unjustly presents only two choices to the audience • This attempts to force the audience to accept a conclusion on the grounds that the other seems outrageously wrong • Example: You either support our president, or you’re on the side of the terrorists Black or White (AKA Either/or)

42. Sound Devices By: Michael Albert

43. A word or a group of words that imitate the sound that is being described

44. Sound that is pleasant to the ears, To Autumn by John Keats Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness, Close bosom-friend of the maturing sun; Conspiring with him how to load and bless With fruit the vines that round the thatch-eves run; Euphony

45. Cacophony Harsh discord of sounds; unpleasant to the ear Jabberwocky by Lewis Caroll 'Twasbrillig, and the slithytovesDid gyre and gimble in the wabe; All mimsy were the borogoves, And the momerathsoutgrabe.

46. Word play that suggests more than one meaning; double meaning Show me a piano falling down a mineshaft and I’ll show you A-flat minor. Pun

47. Misuse of a word, especially by confusion with a word with a similar sound “He’s a wolf in cheap Clothing” Malapropism

48. Language Terms Michael Choi Jin Joo

49. Old-fashioned or obsolete use of a word, phrase, or usage • Sometimes used to invoke ancient styles of writing EXAMPLES • “Thou” instead of “You” • “Grand Old Party” instead of “Republicans” • “Automobile” instead of “car” ARCHAISM

50. Using an unnecessarily large number of words to express an idea • Literally, “speaking around” something EXAMPLES • “Your room is so dirty, how do you live in it?” as opposed to “Clean your room!” • “I’m so cold, and you look so warm in your jacket,” as opposed to “Give me your jacket.” CIRCUMLOCUTION