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Clusters, tourism, and public policy Case study: Destination Top of Denmark

Explore the cluster characteristics, tourism policies, and public policy interventions in the evolution of Destination Top of Denmark. Learn about the challenges faced and strategies implemented for decentralized network development.

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Clusters, tourism, and public policy Case study: Destination Top of Denmark

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  1. Clusters, tourism, and public policy Case study: Destination Top of Denmark Reflections on methods From Local Tourism Promotion towards Regional Cluster Policies The Top of Denmark WP 6 Case Study • Henrik Halkier & Pennie F. Henriksen • Aalborg University, Denmark • halkier@ihis.aau.dk, pennie@ihis.aau.dk

  2. CLUSTERS, TOURISM, AND PUBLIC POLICY General cluster characteristics • inter-dependent firms • cooperative competition, trust-based relations • 'community' with public policy support Tourism clusters? • frequent key role of external firms • free-riding widespread • unstable SMEs hindering building of trust • limited public intervention

  3. CLUSTERS, TOURISM, AND PUBLIC POLICY Tourism policies • traditional emphasis on local information and external promotion • gradual increase of product development and branding Key challenges for destination developemnt • Localism • economies of geographical scale >< ingrained exposure • Short-termism • selective change >< comprehensive continuity

  4. DESTINATION TOP OF DENMARK The Tourism Experience • 250 km of coastline and sandy beaches • climate varies depend on season • small enterprises, holiday homes and camping Institutional context • from nine to three municipalities Destination development phases • Emergence (1986-1996): Tourism associations and municipalities start collaborating • Professionalisation (1996-2006): More effective market communication • Redevelopment 2007- 2015: Creating an all-year tourism destination

  5. DESTINATION TOP OF DENMARK Developing a decentralised network

  6. DESTINATION TOP OF DENMARK Developing a decentralised network Organisational change • from fragmentation towards centralising network Funding change • external opportunities/demands • gradual widening of resource base Gradual strategy development • from service optimisation via joint marketing • towards product development initiatives

  7. DESTINATION TOP OF DENMARK Knowledge and networking / 1

  8. DESTINATION TOP OF DENMARK Knowledge and networking / 2

  9. DESTINATION TOP OF DENMARK Knowledge and networking / 3

  10. DESTINATION TOP OF DENMARK Knowledge and networking / 4 Some conclusions relating to EURODITE hypotheses • intra/extra-regional combination important (intra dominating in 3 cases) • importance of knowledge about knowledge (limited in cock-up case) • importance of KIBS, but not always network ‘spanners’ • importance of tacit localised knowledge (mobilisation key in 3 cases)

  11. REFLECTIONS ON METHODS Practical points • difficult to distinguish between who/where etc -> repetitive text • flexible distinction between phases -> difficult to compare Added value • sufficiently comprehensive to generate ‘thick questioning’ • possible to relate to EURODITE hypotheses Pending issues issues • difficult to conclude prior to cross-case analyses have been undertaken • comprehensively different?

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