Best English Notes For IAS Prelims Paper 2 CSAT - Vocabulary

1. Best English Notes For IAS Prelims Paper 2 CSAT English section is an important part of all Competitive Exams. Dear Students, You are living in very competitive times, If you want something, you have to fight for it, nothing comes easy these days. All of you are trying your level best to get a Govt. job. We will start with all the basic components of English Grammar. One important thing you need to understand. While these, notes are prepared keeping in mind the needs of SSC, we can ensure that they can also be used for other exams like UPSC, SSC or other Exams.

2. Best English Notes by Top IAS Coaching Center Vocabulary Endeavour (noun) Meaning: try hard to do or achieve something Synonyms: attempt, venture Antonyms: idleness By common endeavour we can raise the country to a new greatness, while a lack of unity will expose us to fresh calamities.

3. Sterling (adjective) Meaning: excellent or valuable Synonyms: splendid, magnificent Antonyms: poor, unexceptional These pragmatic but profound remarks defined the vision and the sterling character of SardarVallabhbhai Patel, the principal unifier of modern India.

4. Coercion (noun) Meaning:the action or practice of persuading someone to do something by using force or threats. Synonyms: constraint, enforcement Antonyms: persuasion However, he was also compelled to use coercion by launching ‘Operation Polo’ to liberate and integrate Hyderabad after the Nizam of Hyderabad entertained false hopes of either joining Pakistan or remaining independent.

5. Unscrupulous(adjective) Meaning: having no moral principles Synonyms: amoral, reprobate Antonyms: ethical, honest Writing about Patel’s decisiveness in the Christian Science Monitor, W. Gordon Graham observed: “Hyderabad, a State covering 80,000 square miles in the heart of peninsular India, was at that time in the grip of an unscrupulous minority which aimed at secession from India.

6. Balkanise (verb) Meaning: divide (a region or body) into smaller mutually hostile states or groups Synonyms: divide, separate Antonyms: join, unite Displaying statesmanship of the highest order, Sardar Patel prevented the attempts to not only Balkanise India but internationalise the issue as well.

7. Jeopardy(noun) Meaning: danger of loss, harm or failure Synonyms: peril, vulnerability Antonyms: safety, security Indeed at the most critical time when the country’s political unity was in jeopardy, India found the man of the moment in Sardar Patel, who displayed amazing patience, tact and a steely determination in dealing with an intransigent ruler, who refused to see the writing on the wall and even wanted to take the issue to the United Nations.

8. Dexterity (noun) Meaning: skill in performing task Synonyms: efficiency, adroitness Antonyms: clumsiness, insensitivity The complicated case of Junagarh, Gujarat, was also handled with dexterity by Patel.

9. Trammelled (verb) Meaning: deprive of freedom of action Synonyms: restrain, constrain Antonyms: help, assist It will be relevant to recall his famous address to the civil service probationers in 1947 when Patel told them that the service will have to adopt its true role of national service without being trammelled upon by traditions and habits of the past.

10. Magnanimity (noun) Meaning:the fact or condition of being magnanimous Synonyms: generosity, benevolence Antonyms: selfishness Another aspect of the Sardar that needs to be highlighted is his graciousness and magnanimity in readily abiding by Mahatma Gandhi’s advice to withdraw his candidacy for the post of Congress President in favour of Pandit Nehru in 1946, although a majority of State Congress committees supported his candidature.

11. Emulate (verb) Meaning: match or surpass (a person or achievement), typically by imitation Synonyms: imitate, mimic Antonyms: neglect As we pay our tributes to the great statesman on his birth anniversary today, on October 31, let us try to emulate his qualities and work towards realising his dream of providing ‘Suraaj’ in a new and prosperous India.

12. Prorogued (verb) Meaning: discontinue a session without dissolving it Synonyms: adjourn, suspend Antonyms: continue, expedite Parliament has been prorogued by the President till November 16.

13. Imbroglio (noun) Meaning: an extremely confused, complicated, or embarrassing situation. Synonyms: squabble, altercation Antonyms: agreement, concord Meanwhile, in planning his next moves for political survival, Mr. Wickremesinghe should also realise that he is partly to blame for the political imbroglio.

14. Goriest (adjective) Meaning: involving or showing violence and bloodshed Synonyms: horrible, murderous Antonyms: pleasant The Turkish press has over the past few weeks made public the goriest details of the murder.

15. Vindication (noun) Meaning:the action of clearing someone of blame or suspicion Synonyms: justification, exoneration Antonyms: conviction Turkey had applauded Mr. Morsi coming to power as a vindication of the moderate and constitutionalist Islamist model that the Justice and Development Party represented in Turkey and an indication that the Brotherhood was headed in the same direction.

16. Tottering (verb) Meaning: move in a feeble or unsteady way Synonyms: careen, wobble Antonyms: stabilize It was not surprising that the Saudis embraced Egypt’s General Abdel Fattah el­-Sisi, in 2013, and immediately granted $2 billion to the military regime to save it and also Egypt’s tottering economy.

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18. Rapprochement (noun) Meaning: an establishment or resumption of harmonious relations. Synonyms: reconciliation Antonyms: aloofness However, recent moves amounting to a rapprochement among Ankara, Moscow and Tehran indicate that a modus vivendi has been worked out between Iran and Turkey on defining their spheres of influence in Syria.

19. Salvage (verb) Meaning: rescue from loss Synonyms: recover, redeem Antonyms: abandon, forfeit While Saudi Arabia is struggling to salvage its image in the aftermath of the murder of journalist Jamal Khashoggi inside its consulate in Istanbul, another human rights crisis triggered by its actions confronts the kingdom.

20. Conduit (noun) Meaning: a channel for conveying water or other fluid Synonyms: passage, duct Antonyms: hydrant Until recently Turkey and Iran were on opposite sides in the Syrian conflict, with Iran supporting the Assad regime politically and militarily and Turkey acting as the principal conduit for weapons supplies to the opposition.

21. Contingent (adjective) Meaning: occurring or existing only if (certain circumstances) are the case; dependent on. Synonyms: conditional, probable Antonyms: essential The Emir of Qatar had sent a contingent of soldiers to provide security to Mr. Erdoğan during the failed military coup in 2016.

22. Ramification (noun) Meaning: a complex or unwelcome consequence of an action or event Synonyms: consequence, aftermath Antonyms: origination Without going into the merits of the issues raised, two important questions have arisen, which relate to the relationship between the RBI and the government and between the RBI management and its board. Even if one cannot come to definitive conclusions, it is important to note the ramifications of the issues raised.

23. Salience(noun) Meaning: the quality of being particularly noticeable or important Synonyms: fame, renown Antonyms: obscurity The argument seems to have derived its salience in the context of the 19th Amendment to Sri Lanka’s Constitution, passed in 2015 under the joint political leadership of both Mr. Sirisena and Mr. Wickremesinghe.

24. Detente (noun) Meaning: the easing of hostility or strained relations, especially between countries Synonyms: easement, precaution Antonyms: disruptive Though he was careful not to say anything that would break the détente forged by the Centre and the central bank at its last board meeting on November 19, he made three forceful points: that the RBI’s autonomy is important to protect depositors’ interests; monetary policy has to be the exclusive domain of the RBI; and its reserves are central to maintaining its AAA rating.

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26. Cumbersome (adjective) Meaning: large or heavy and therefore difficult to carry or use Synonyms: unwieldy Antonyms: convenient The application process is cumbersome and exclusionary: a separate form has to be filled, signed and submitted for each of the three instalments, along with a copy of the applicant’s mother­ child protection card, her Aadhaar card, her husband’s Aadhaar card, and the details of a bank account linked to her Aadhaar number.

27. Nipping (verb) Meaning: bite or pinch sharply Synonyms: tweak Antonyms: ardent These statements are probably aimed at nipping in the bud any attempts to change the governance structure of the central bank.

28. Crux (noun) Meaning: the most important point at issue Synonyms: nub, gist Antonyms: unimportant The crux of the problem is that the RBI, the board and the government must understand the limits to which they can push. A spirit of accommodation must prevail.

29. Onerous (adjective) Meaning: (of a task or responsibility) involving a great deal of effort, trouble, or difficulty Synonyms: strenuous Antonyms: effortless This is certainly good news as it indicates that the skeletons are mostly out of the cupboard now. Of course, there is still the onerous task of resolving the bad loans stock, which is at a little over ₹10 lakhcrore now.

30. Encroachment (noun) Meaning: intrusion on a person's territory, rights, etc. Synonyms: infringe Antonyms: ignore If the government has decided to ease the restrictions in a phased manner, this could adversely affect the indigenous population in the long run. Such commercialisation of tribal spaces could lead to encroachment of land, as we see in other parts of the country.

31. Promulgate (verb) Meaning: promote or make widely known (an idea or cause). Synonyms: enunciate Antonyms: conceal Jawaharlal Nehru’s Tribal Panchsheel were the guiding principles after Independence to formulate policies for the indigenous communities of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Based on them, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Protection of Aboriginal Tribes) Regulation (ANPATR), 1956 was promulgated by the President.

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33. Protracted (adjective) Meaning: lasting for a long time or longer than expected or usual. Synonyms: attenuate Antonyms: abridge The protracted conflict has so far claimed about 10,000 lives and displaced millions, and no lasting resolution is in sight.

34. Desisted (verb) Meaning: stop doing something Synonyms: abstain Antonyms: continue It would have sent out the wrong signals both at home and abroad. It is good that the government has desisted from using Section 7.

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