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Bacteria

Bacteria. Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes . A. Prokaryotes no nucleus (has free floating DNA) no membrane bound organelles so no Golgi body, mitochondria, etc includes all bacteria cells B. Eukaryotes have true nucleus (its membrane bound)

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Bacteria

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  1. Bacteria

  2. Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes A. Prokaryotes • no nucleus (has free floating DNA) • no membrane bound organelles • so no Golgi body, mitochondria, etc • includes all bacteria cells B. Eukaryotes • have true nucleus (its membrane bound) • includes: Plants, animals, fungi and protist cells

  3. Bacteria Key Characteristics Single – celled (unicellular) Prokaryotes Single chromosome forms DNA loop or a small piece floating called a plasmid

  4. Bacteria can survive anywhere…

  5. In really hot conditions…

  6. Without any oxygen

  7. In really salty conditions…

  8. General Diagram of Bacteria

  9. Bacteria Shape There are 3 basic shapes: • Spherical – coccus • Rod-shaped – bacillus • Spiral – spirillium Prefixes used to describe arrangement: - mono: one - diplo: double - strepto: chain - staphylo: clump

  10. Monococcus (1) • Diplococcus (2) • Streptococcus (chain) • Staphylococcus (clump)

  11. Respiration – How do they Breathe? Aerobic Bacteria: need oxygen to live Anaerobic Bacteria: grow only in the absence of oxygen

  12. Nutrition – How do they Eat? Autotrophs: make their own food • Use light energy or chemical reactions to make food Heterotrophs: use other organisms to get nutrition

  13. Reproduction - How do they Have Babies? Binary Fission (asexual reproduction) Conjugation (sexual reproduction)

  14. Binary Fission

  15. Binary Fission Start with one cell DNA gets duplicated Cell grows and cell wall starts to pinch in • Cell wall pinches in completely • Makes two NEW IDENTICAL cells

  16. Conjugation Two cells Cells come close together Mini bridge (sex pilus) is created DNA is swapped between the 2 cells Cells then separate and undergo binary fission

  17. Examples of Good Bacteria Help digest sewage and oil spills Help with cancer research Good E.Coli bacteria in our intestines helps us digest and absorb vitamins

  18. Examples of Bad Bacteria Bacteria in poo can contaminate the water and make us sick Bacteria of food poisoning Bacteria cause strep throat

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