1 / 14

Patterns of Actor and Partner Effects

Patterns of Actor and Partner Effects. David A. Kenny. You need to know the Actor Partner Interdependence Model!. APIM. APIM Patterns: Couple Model. Model Equal actor and partner effects: a = p

akira
Download Presentation

Patterns of Actor and Partner Effects

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Patterns of Actor and Partner Effects David A. Kenny

  2. You need to know the Actor Partner Interdependence Model! APIM

  3. APIM Patterns: Couple Model • Model • Equal actor and partner effects: a = p • e.g., my depressive symptoms has the same effect on my quality of life as does my partner’s depressive symptoms on my quality of life • Average or sum as the predictor • Although measured individually, the predictor variable is a “dyadic” variable, not an individual one

  4. APIM Patterns: Contrast • Model • Actor plus partner effects equals zero: a – p = 0 • Klumb et al. (2006): time spent doing household labor on stress levels • The more household labor I do, the more stressed I feel. • The more household labor my partner does, the less stress I feel. • Difference score (actor X minus partner X) as the predictor

  5. APIM Patterns: Actor or Partner Only • Actor Only • Actor present but no partner effect • Fix the partner effect to zero. • Partner Only • Partner present but no partner effect • Fix the actor effect to zero. • Relatively rare.

  6. Testing Patterns • Multilevel Modeling • Sum and difference approach • Structural Equation Modeling • Setting coefficients equal • Use of phantom variables • General approach to patterns: k

  7. Sum and DifferenceApproach • Remove the actor and partner variables from the model. • Add to the model the Sum and the Difference score as predictors. • If Sum is present, but not the Difference, you have a couple model. • If Sum is not present, but the Difference is, you have a contrast model.

  8. Acitelli Example • Distinguishable • Husbands • Sum: 0.392, p < .001 • Difference: 0.131, p = .088 • Wives • Sum: 0.373, p < .001 • Difference: 0.001, p = .986 • Indistinguishable • Sum: 0.344, p < .001 • Difference: 0.056, p = .052

  9. Testing the Couple Model Using SEM • Actor effect equal to the partner effect. • Can be done by setting paths equal. • Distinguishable dyads a1 = p12 and a2 = p21 • Indistinguishable dyads a = p

  10. Acitelli Example • Distinguishable • Husbands: 0.346 • Wives: 0.347 • Test: c2(2) = 4.491, p = .106 • Indistinguishable • Effect: 0.344 • Test: c2(1) = 3.803, p = .051

  11. Testing the Contrast Model Using SEM • Actor effect equal to the partner effect times minus 1. • Can be done by using a phantom variable. • Phantom variable • No conceptual meaning • Forces a constraint • Latent variable • No disturbance

  12. Contrast Constraint Forced by Phantom Variables (P1 and P2) • Now the indirect effect from X2 to Y1, p12 equals (-1)a1 X1 a1 Y1 1 E1 -1 a2 P1 a1 P2 -1 X2 Y2 1 E2 a2

  13. Acitelli Example c2(2) = 69.791, p < .001

  14. Conclusion Using patterns can link the APIM to theory and simplify the model. The k parameter is a general way to measure and test patterns Readings pp. 147-149, in Dyadic Data Analysis by Kenny, Kashy, and Cook Kenny & Cook, (1999), Personal Relationships, 6, pp. 433-448.

More Related