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Time for Prayer Attendance Check Next Prayer

Time for Prayer Attendance Check Next Prayer. Ms. Doshi. Chapter 5: Nomenclature. Lead Acetate Pb (C 2 H 3 O 2 ) 2. Romans in the Roman Empire Boiled wine in a lead-lined vessel -makes sapa syrup. -major part of sapa syrup: lead acetate Pb (C 2 H 3 O 2 ) 2

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Time for Prayer Attendance Check Next Prayer

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  1. Time for PrayerAttendanceCheck Next Prayer

  2. Ms. Doshi Chapter 5: Nomenclature

  3. Lead Acetate Pb(C2H3O2)2 Romans in the Roman Empire Boiled wine in a lead-lined vessel -makes sapa syrup. -major part of sapa syrup: lead acetate Pb(C2H3O2)2 -common name: sugar acetate because of its sweet taste Lead may have caused the fall of the Roman Empire because many people had lead poisoning. Many people think lead poisoning caused mental disease. Today, we can get lead poisoning from our water systems. Lead-based solder were used to connect copper pipes. When water runs through these copper pipes, lead enters the water and we can drink it.

  4. Naming Compounds Before we had a system, we had many common names for compounds. Examples of common names: sugar, gypsum, laughing gas BUT there are more than 4 million chemical compounds, so scientists created a system for naming compounds.

  5. Binary Compounds binary compound -compound with 2 elements There are two classes: • compound with a metal and nonmetal • compound with 2 nonmetals

  6. Binary Ionic Compound binary ionic compound -contains a positive ion (cation) and a negative ion (anion) binary ionic compound = cation + anion Memorization Aid: Anion has a “n” in it. “n” is the beginning letter in negative. The anion is the negative ion.

  7. Type I cations Examples: Na+, Ca2+, Cs+, Al3+ These metal ions only form one cation. The Na atom can only form Na+, never Na2+ Found in Group 1, Group 2 elements of the periodic table, and some Group 3 elements, like aluminum and gallium.

  8. Type II cations Examples: Cr atom can form Cr2+ and Cr3+ Cu atom can form Cu+ and Cu2+ These atoms can form two(or more) cations that have different charges. Occurs most often with transition metals.

  9. Memorize this! Common cations and anions and their names.

  10. Naming Type I Ionic Compounds • Name the cation first, then the anion. • A simple cation takes its name from the element Example: Na+is sodium • A simple anion is named by taking the first part of the element name (root) and adding –ide. Example: Cl- is chloride

  11. Now you try: Name these Type 1 Binary Compounds: NaI CaO KI CaS CsBr MgO

  12. Example 5.1 & Exercise 5.1 Name each binary compound: • CsF • AlCl3 • MgI2 • Rb2O • SrI2 • K2S

  13. Charges-Let’s Review The net charge on an ionic compound is always zero! • CsF • AlCl3 • MgI2 p.119

  14. Type II Binary Ionic Compounds Metals that form more than 1 type of metal: Examples: lead (Pb)can be Pb2+ or Pb4+ iron (Fe) can be Fe2+ or Fe3+ chromium (Cr) can be Cr2+ or Cr3+ gold(Au) can be Au+ or Au3+

  15. What is gold chloride? Is it AuCl or AuCl3? We don’t know. So we need a different naming system for Type II metals.

  16. Example FeCl2 Look at charges on cationto name the compound. We know: Fe can be Fe2+ or Fe3+ (?+) + 2(1-) = 0 We know: ? =2 because (2+) + 2(1-) = 0 Therefore, the compound must have one Fe2+ ion and two Cl- ions. And is called iron(II) chloride.

  17. Example PbO2 Look at charges on cationto name the compound. Now look at PbO2 (?+) + 2(2-) = 0 We know: ? =4 because (4+) + 2(2-) = 0 Therefore, the charge on the lead ion is 4+ to balance the 4- charge of the two oxide ions. The name of PbO2 is lead(IV) oxide.

  18. Rules for naming Type II Ionic Compounds • Name the cation first and the anion second. • The cation can have more than one charge. Always show the charge in Roman numerals.

  19. Now, you try: Give the systematic name of each of the following compounds:

  20. Extra Practice! Give the systematic name of each of the following compounds:

  21. Flow Chart to Help!

  22. Naming Binary Compounds that contain only Nonmetals (Type III) Rules: The first element is named first, and the full element name is used first. The second element is named, like an anion. Prefixes are used to show the number of atoms. The prefix –mono is NEVER used to name the first element.

  23. Now, you try Name the following binary compounds, which contain two nonmetals (Type III): a) BF3 b) NO c) N2O3 d) CCl4 e) NO2 f) IF5

  24. Naming Type III Binary Compounds: Summary

  25. Review Type I: Ionic compounds with metals that always from a cation with the same charge. Type II: Ionic compounds with metals (usually transition metals) that form cations with various charges. Type III: Compounds that contain ONLY nonmetals.

  26. Summary (You do it)

  27. Naming Compounds that Contain Polyatomic Ions polyatomic ions -charged entities made of many atoms Example: NH4NO3 contains these polyatomic ions: NH4+ and NO3- oxyanions -polyatomic anions that contain an atom of a given element and different number of oxygen atoms.

  28. Memorize these! Need to give memory aid to students.

  29. Naming Compounds with Polyatomic Ions 1. Similar to binary ionic compounds must memorize common polyatomic ions and learn the composition and charge of each ion in Table 5.4 Example: NH4C2H3O2 is ammonium acetate. 2. When you see a metal that can form one or more cation, use a Roman Numeral. Similar to Type II binary ionic compounds. Example: FeSO4 is iron(II) sulfate

  30. Now, you try!

  31. Name the following compounds

  32. Naming Acids acid: -a molecule with one or more H+ ions attached to an anion

  33. Rules (in your textbook)

  34. Use Rule 2

  35. Names of acids that do not contain oxygen-MEMORIZE

  36. Names of some acids that contain Oxygen-MEMORIZE

  37. Write the Formulas from Names

  38. Chapter 5 Review Questions 4, 8, 10, 12, 14, 24, 26, 28, 30, 34, 38, 42, 44, 46, 48 Answers are in your textbook!

  39. Any Questions?Any Answers? Any Comments?

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