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Vowels The vowels were designed on the basis of the three basic components of the universe which are Heaven ( . ), Earth (ㅡ), and Man(ㅣ). Heaven( . ) represents are circular shape of heaven, Earth (ㅡ) represents the flatness of the earth, and Man (ㅣ) expresses the standing position of a human being. The vowels were designed on the basis of Eastern philosophy.
Consonants Kind Sejong designed the HANGUL(한글) consonant letters so that their shapes would reflect the place and manner of articulation of the consonant sounds. The shapes of five basic consonants (ㄱ, ㄴ,ㅅ,ㅁ and ㅇ) suggest the five basic types of articulation, as follows. • ㄱㅋ • ㄴㄷㅌ • ㅅㅈㅊ • ㅁㅂㅍ • ㅇㅎ
Vowels and consonants • Vowels(21): 1) Simple vowel: ㅏ,ㅓ,ㅗ,ㅜ,ㅡ,ㅣ,ㅐ,ㅔ 2) Diphthongs:ㅑ,ㅕ,ㅛ,ㅠ,ㅖ,ㅒ,ㅘ,ㅙ,ㅝ,ㅞ,ㅚ,ㅟ,ㅚ 2. Consonants(19): 1) Plain C:ㄱ,ㄴ,ㄷ,ㄹ,ㅁ,ㅂ,ㅅ,ㅇ,ㅈ 2) Aspirated C:ㅋ,ㅌ,ㅍ,ㅊ,ㅎ 3) Glottalized C:ㄲ,ㄸ,ㅃ,ㅆ,ㅉ Source of information: Sogang University