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Supporting Solid Science Jubilee Seminar Committee for Public Information

Supporting Solid Science Jubilee Seminar Committee for Public Information Finnish Advisory Board of Research Integrity Shared principles of responsible research and innovation Foundation for international collaboration Marja Makarow Academy of Finland

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Supporting Solid Science Jubilee Seminar Committee for Public Information

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  1. Supporting Solid Science Jubilee Seminar Committee for Public Information Finnish Advisory Board of Research Integrity Shared principles of responsible research and innovation Foundation for international collaboration Marja Makarow Academy of Finland 12.9.2012 House of Science and Letter

  2. The Grand Challenges Mankind and planet Earth aremenacedbythreats, ”Grand Challenges” Such as lack of renewableenergysources, emerginginfectiousdiseases, scarcity of food orcleanwater, agingpopulation, poverty, massmigration, globalwarming The impact of the GCscanbemanagedbyresearch Globalproblemsrequireglobalsolutions byglobalcollaborationbetweenlocalactors

  3. Thus, a new approach is needed The GCsareallsocietalproblems, and needsystemicsolutions By multi-levelactivities policy, strategy and implementation By multi-stakeholdercollaboration public-privatepartnerships Bymultidisciplinaryresearch humanities & social sciences with science & technology Understandingglobalimplications of man’sbehaviorneedsunderstanding of social and culturalvalues, religions and beliefs, morals and prejudices Socio-enonomicanalysesneeded to supportevidence-testedpoliticaldecisions Intlcollaborationneedscoordination, alignement of tasks, division of labour, requirespooling of national and supranationalresources

  4. Horizon2020Supranational thematic home for GC research Horizon2020 largelyconcentrating on GC themes and innovation (2014-2020; up to 80 B€ suggested) Proposedresearchthemes: (Finnishones in brackets) Health, aging, well-being(Agingpopulation and individuals) Food safety, sustainableagriculture, bioeconomy, oceans Safe, clean and efficientenergyproduction(Sustainableenergy) Smartenvironmentallyfriendlytraffic Climateissues and rawmaterials(Northernclimate and environment) Safe and innovativesocieties(A healthyeveryday for all) (Dialogue of Cultures) (Knowledge and know-how in the media-society) Criteria: excellence, implementationpotential, foreseenimpact Largemultinationalconsortiato address GC themes, co-fundedfrom national sources

  5. Prerequisite for global collaboration: Commmon understanding of ethical principles

  6. International efforts addressing research integrity • 2000ESF: Policy Briefing “Good Scientific Practice in research and scholarship” • 2003All European Academies: “Memorandum on Scientific Integrity” • 2008 ESF: Survey Report: “Stewards of Integrity: Institutional approaches to promote and safeguard Good Research Practice in Europe” • 2009 OECD: Global Science Forum: “Investigating Research Misconduct. Allegations in International Collaborative Research Projects: a Practical Guide” • 2010 ESF Member Organisation Forum: “European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity” • 2010 2nd World Conference on Research Integrity: “Singapore Statement on Research Integrity”

  7. European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity • Applies all fields of science and humanities • Focuses on standards of integrity while conducting research • Stimulates creation of institutional settings that promote and safe-guard research integrity • Sets standards across Europe that can eventually be applied world-wide • Is canon for self regulation, not a set of laws

  8. The Code is embedded in Report“Fostering Research Integrity in Europe” • Background and rationale • European CoC for Research Integrity • Implementation and awareness • Governance structures • Recommendations for the future

  9. Principles for Research Integrity • Researchers, research institutes, universities, academies and funding organisations commit to principles of scientific integrity • Honesty • Reliability • Objectivity • Impartiality • Open communication • Duty of care • Fairness • Responsibility for future science generations • Employers have a responsibility to promote a culture of research integrity

  10. Forms of research misconduct Most serious forms • Fabrication • Falsifiction • Plagiarism New trends • Researchers: misdemeanours e.g. ‘adjustment’ of data, ‘cutting corners’, hiding ‘unwelcome’ observations • Institutions: improper dealing with infringements, e.g. attempts to cover up, insufficient protection of whistle-blowers, violation of due process • Politicians: production of copy-pastedPhD theses for career advancement, universities neglecting control

  11. Recommendations for good research practice • Proper research procedures Design, analysis, documentation, reporting, publicity • Responsible research procedures Respect for colleagues, safety, care for object of research • Data management Storage, access • Publication-related conduct Honesty, speed, authorship, conflict of interest • Reviewing/editorial issues Honesty, fairness, accuracy, confidentiality, conflict of interest

  12. Recommendations for collaborative research • Between individuals: Partners should agree to conduct research according to norms and standards defined in the Code of Conduct for Research Integrity • Inter-institutional: Alleged misconduct should be dealt with according to policies and procedures applicable in the country of the partner with primary responsibility, in line with the Code of Conduct for Research Integrity • Cross-border: Internationally funded researchers should sign agreement beforehand, e.g. standard plate text of the OECD Global Science Forum

  13. Next Steps • Harmonisation (as far as possible) of existing regulations and codes with the European Code of Conduct • Implementation by funding and performing organisations, academies, universities • Monitoring the implementation of the Code • Supporting international exchanges in European/global conferences • Promoting the Code as an instrumental element in debates on international collaborative research

  14. Summary of analysis of governance models • Agency-specific France, Germany, Ireland, Latvia, Poland, Spain, Switzerland • Agency-specific with national oversight Finland, Hungary, Netherlands, Sweden, UK • National Denmark, Norway, Poland

  15. Development of Code an all-European effort 28 majororganisations in 20 countriesparticipated • Researchfundingorganisations • Researchperformingorganisations • Academies • AllEuropeanAcademies (58 memberacademies) • EuropeanUniversity Association (>1000 memberuniversities)

  16. Research funding organisations Austria Austrian Science Fund (FWF) Belgium Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) Fund for Scientific Research (F.R.S.-FNRS) Switzerland Swiss National Science Foundation Czech Republic Czech Science Foundation Germany German Research Foundation (DFG) Denmark Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation Finland Academy of Finland Croatia National Foundation for Science, Higher Education and Technological Development Ireland Health Research Board (HRB) Lithuania Research Council of Lithuania Luxembourg National Research Fund Norway Research Council of Norway Sweden Swedish Council for Working Life & Social Research Swedish Research Council Slovak Republic Slovak Research and Development Agency Turkey Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey UK Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC)

  17. Research performing organisations • France National Institute of Health and Medical Research  (Inserm) National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) • Germany Max Planck Society • Italy National Research Council (CNR) • Lithuania Lithuanian State Science and Studies Foundation • Spain Council for Scientific Research (CSIC) Academies • Switzerland Swiss Academies of Arts and Sciences • Czech Republic Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic • Finland Delegation of the Finnish Academies of Science and Letters • Netherlands Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW)

  18. New pact between Research, Policy, Industry, Media, Civil Society Researchers • Aim at highest level of originality and quality • Enter into global multi-disciplinary collaborations Policy makers and funding agencies • Ensure funding for free research, innovation and international collaboration Industry • Collaborate with academic researchers in spirit of open innovation Media • Inform citizens about advancement of science Citizens • Understand science and its importance for society Cross-cutting prerequisite for this pact • Mutual trust, based on integrity of all actors

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