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Dabi, D., Nyong, A., Adepetu, A., and Ihemegbulem, V.

Adapting to Droughts Among Poor Rural Households in Semi-arid Nigeria: Influencing Factors and Enhancing Opportunities. Dabi, D., Nyong, A., Adepetu, A., and Ihemegbulem, V. Second AIACC Regional Workshop for Africa and Indian Ocean Islands, Dakar, Senegal, 24-27 March 2004. Outline.

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Dabi, D., Nyong, A., Adepetu, A., and Ihemegbulem, V.

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  1. Adapting to Droughts Among Poor Rural Households in Semi-arid Nigeria: Influencing Factors and Enhancing Opportunities Dabi, D., Nyong, A., Adepetu, A., and Ihemegbulem, V. Second AIACC Regional Workshop for Africa and Indian Ocean Islands, Dakar, Senegal, 24-27 March 2004

  2. Outline • Introduction • Problem and Objectives • Methodology • Results • Concluding Remarks

  3. Introduction • Climate is changing with far reaching impacts • Drought is a major problem affecting the socioeconomic activities and livelihood of the people • Not everyone is equally vulnerable and some have already adapted to the phenomenon. So: • How have they adapted? • what factors influence their capacity to adapt?, and • what enhancement opportunities exist to increase their adaptive capacity?

  4. Study Area

  5. Methodology • Data. • Field Observations. • Questionnaire administration using Stratified random sampling technique. • Focus Group Discussions. • Analysis. • Qualitative analysis using a bottom-up approach to identify what the households have done to survive earlier droughts. • Quantitative analysis to determine significant factors that influence their adaptive capacities.

  6. Results • Adaptation options: • Use of shallow wells • Small-scale irrigation initiatives • Planting of drought-resistant crop varieties • Nomadism (transhumance) • Crop and animal diversification • Income diversification • Fishing • Relocation and migration • Prayer

  7. Influencing Factors • Resources (The 5 capitals) • Natural capital • Depletion of groundwater resources • Land desiccation and degradation • Desertification • Human capital • Quality and quantity of labour • Quality of health • Quality of education

  8. Influencing Factors 2 • Economic capital • Financial • Poverty • Collateral • Physical capital • Water supply • Road network • Electricity • Socio-cultural capital • Community and family networks • Religion • Conflict • Information • Government Policy

  9. Enhancing Opportunities for Adaptation • Provision of alternative or additional water sources • Sinking of boreholes or tube wells • Change farming practices • Limit irrigation practice in water scarce areas • Change timing of operations (planting, irrigating etc) • Change crop types (drought-resistant varieties)

  10. Enhancing Opportunities 2 • Change grazing methods • Develop new technologies and modernization • Biotechnology (new crop varieties, hybrids etc) • Mechanical (irrigation & tillage techniques etc) • Water management techniques (conjunctive use) • Reduce herd size • Diversification of crops and animals

  11. Enhancing Opportunities 3 • Improvement on government policies • Education (to improve literacy levels) • Research (climatic, agricultural, land use etc) • Extension services on information dissemination • Institutional change (credit facilities, pricing & market policies) • Capacity building • Religious considerations

  12. Concluding Remarks These outcomes will serve as input into the Quantitative Data Analysis which will enable us prioritize adaptation options.

  13. Ma fengNa godeMerciThank you

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