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The Art of the Italian Renaissance

The Art of the Italian Renaissance. In the Renaissance a new philosophy, HUMANISM , emphasized:. 1. INDIVIDUALISM : glorifying potential, talents and accomplishments of individual human beings.

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The Art of the Italian Renaissance

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  1. The Art of the Italian Renaissance

  2. In the Renaissance a new philosophy, HUMANISM, emphasized: 1. INDIVIDUALISM: glorifying potential, talents and accomplishments of individual human beings. 2. CLASSICISM: Re-discovery and appreciation of ancient Greek & Roman culture (especially in Italy…why is that?) 3. SECULARISM: emphasis on this world (the “here & now”) and its material pleasures rather than the afterlife (“hereafter”) or spiritual world.

  3. Hieratic Scale 1. From Medieval Artistic Expression to Humanism Halo signifies they are residents of heaven Jacopa di CioneMadonna and Child in Glory1360/65Tempera and gold on panel

  4. Gold Background symbolized Holy Heaven Franconian SchoolMiraculous Mass of St. Martin of Toursabout 1440Tempera and gold on canvas on panel

  5. Guiliano BugiardiniMadonna and Child with St. John1523/1525Oil on panel How do the halo’s Differ from the previous paintings? Is the landscape Heavenly or earthly?

  6. Giovanni Agostino da LodiAdoration of the ShepherdsAbout 1505 Hieratic Scale? Halos?

  7. Accurate Perspective Buildings true To life? Adoration of the Magi1550/60Oil on oak panel

  8. Is this man A Saint? Ordinary people became worthy subjects for works of art. Annibale CarracciBean Eater1582/83Italian, 1560-1609Oil on canvas

  9. 2. Realism & Expression • Expulsion fromthe Garden • Masaccio • 1427 • First nudes sinceclassical times.

  10. 3. Perspective • The Trinity • Masaccio • 1427 Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! First use of linear perspective! What you are, I once was; what I am, you will become.

  11. 4. Emphasis on the Individual Isabella d’Este – da Vinci, 1499 • 1474-1539 • “First Lady of the Italian Renaissance.” • Great patroness of the arts in Mantua. • Known during her time as “First Lady of the World!”

  12. 5. Geometrical Arrangement of Figures • The Dreyfus Madonna with the Pomegranate • Leonardo da Vinci • 1469 • The figure as architecture!

  13. 6. Light & Shadowing/Softening Edges

  14. 7. Artists as Personalities/Celebrities • Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, andArchitects • Giorgio Vasari • 1550

  15. The Liberation of Sculpture • David by Donatello • 1430 • First free-form bronze since Roman times!

  16. DavidVerrocchio1473 - 1475

  17. The Renaissance “Man” • Broad knowledge about many things in different fields. • Deep knowledge/skill in one area. • Able to link information from different areas/disciplines and create new knowledge. • The Greek ideal of the “well-rounded man” was at the heart of Renaissance education.

  18. 1.Self-Portrait -- da Vinci, 1512 • Artist • Sculptor • Architect • Scientist • Engineer • Inventor 1452 - 1519

  19. Remember the medieval Madonnas? How is this different?

  20. But this is still a religious painting The Church is still a major power & art patron Renaissance Europe is still a very religious society But the art is now done in a realistic style by professionally trained artists, not untrained monks

  21. How does this painting reflect humanism? INDIVIDUALISM SECULARISM “3-D” landscape Mary is a real person, not a medieval “zombie” Concern with details Emphasize the “real world” setting Why doe she look “real?”

  22. Here’s Michelangelo’s famous sculpture, the Pieta, 1499 The Pieta is another common theme in Catholic art, just like the Madonna and Child What is being depicted here?

  23. What do these two famous works have in common? Right! Religious…detailed…realistic…other things?

  24. The Last Supper - da Vinci, 1498& Geometry

  25. It also suggests the Trinity, a basic aspect of Christian belief God the Father God the Son God the Holy Spirit

  26. The Last Supper - da Vinci, 1498 vertical horizontal Perspective!

  27. Leonardo, the Sculptor • An Equestrian Statue • 1516-1518

  28. Leonardo, the Architect:Pages from his Notebook • Study of a central church. • 1488

  29. Leonardo, the Scientist (Biology):Pages from his Notebook • An example of the humanist desire to unlock the secrets of nature.

  30. Leonardo, the Scientist (Anatomy): Pages from his Notebook

  31. Leonardo, the Inventor: Pages from his Notebook

  32. Leonardo, the Engineer: Pages from his Notebook Studies of water-lifting devices. A study of siege defenses.

  33. 2.Michelangelo Buonorrati • 1475 – 1564 • He represented the body in three dimensions of sculpture.

  34. David • MichelangeloBuonarotti • 1504 • Marble

  35. 15c Whatadifferenceacenturymakes! 16c

  36. The Popes as Patrons of the Arts • The Pieta • MichelangeloBuonarroti • 1499 • marble

  37. The Sistine ChapelMichelangelo Buonarroti1508 - 1512

  38. The Sistine Chapel Details The Creation of the Heavens

  39. The Sistine Chapel Details Creation of Man

  40. The Sistine Chapel Details The Fall from Grace

  41. The Sistine Chapel Details The Last Judgment

  42. 3. Raffaello Sanzio (1483-1520) Self-Portrait, 1506 Portrait of the Artist with a Friend, 1518

  43. Portrait of Pope Julius IIby Raphael, 1511-1512 • More concerned with politics than with theology. • The “Warrior Pope.” • Great patron of Renaissance artists, especially Raphael & Michelangelo. • Died in 1513

  44. The School of Athens – Raphael, 1510 -11 • One point perspective. • All of the important Greek philosophers and thinkers are included  all of the great personalities of the Seven Liberal Arts! • A great variety of poses. • Located in the papal apartments library. • Raphael worked on this commission simultaneously as Michelangelo was doing the Sistine Chapel. • No Christian themes here.

  45. The School of Athens – Raphael, 1510 -11 Da Vinci Raphael Michelangelo

  46. The School of Athens – Raphael, details Plato:looks to theheavens [or the IDEALrealm]. Aristotle:looks to thisearth [thehere andnow].

  47. Pope Leo X with Cardinal Giulio deMedici and Luigi De Rossi by Raphael, 1518-1519 • A Medici Pope. • He went through the Vatican treasury in a year! • His extravagances offended even some cardinals [as well as Martin Luther!]. • Started selling indulgences.

  48. Birth of Venus – Botticelli, 1485 An attempt to depict perfect beauty.

  49. Primavera – Botticelli, 1482 Depicted classical gods as almost naked and life-size.

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