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Jokes As Art: The Music of Franz Josef Haydn Franz Josef Haydn How can music express humor? How can music be intelligible w/o recourse to words? Making Music Intelligible II: Jokes as Art A. Juxtapose incongruous/contradictory elements
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Jokes As Art: The Music of Franz Josef Haydn
How can music express humor? How can music be intelligible w/o recourse to words?
Making Music Intelligible II: Jokes as Art A. Juxtapose incongruous/contradictory elements B. Establish expected frame of reference, then step outside “frame” C. Violate norms of genre D. Elements reversed or switched E. Displace or replace an element F. BIG IDEA: Absolute music (like jokes) becomes expressive by manipulating conventions
II. Haydn’s Biography A. Franz Josef Haydn, b. 1732 B. Esterhazy = Haydn’s chief patrons
II. Haydn’s Biography A. Franz Josef Haydn, b. 1732 B. Esterhazy = Haydn’s chief patrons C. Dedications from Mozart; Teaches Beethoven D. 1790s, London Tours; London Symphonies E. Significant Instrumental Works: Symphonies (last 12 = London Symphonies) String Quartets F. Significant Vocal Works: Oratorios = The Seasons & The Creation influenced by Handel’s oratorios
Haydn Symphony #88 and Conventions of Classical Symphonies A. From Sinfonia to Symphony B. First Movement Conventions C. Second Movements D. Third Movements
Minuet form=rounded binary withinABA A B A Minuet Trio Minuet Repeated (actually another minuet) ||: a :||: b a’ :|| ||: c :||: d c’ :|| | a | b a’ | a a b a’ b a’ c c d c’ d c’ a b a’ Minuet & Trio Forms: Haydn Surprise Symph., 3rd Mvmt. (CD 2/7) and Mozart, A Little Night Music, 3rd Mvmt. (2/6)
Haydn Symphony #88 and Conventions of Classical Symphonies A. From Sinfonia to Symphony B. First Movement Conventions C. Second Movements D. Third Movements E. Fourth Movements
IV.Haydn Symphony #88, finale A. Surprise Return=Favorite Technique of Haydn B. Opening Theme (A) = Rounded Binary A = |: a :||: b a’ :| b actually = a inverted a b . . . . . . . . . . . . C. Haydn often works with short motives
IV. Haydn Symphony #88, finale 5 6 7 ? Haydn often uses 1st theme again where you’d expect 2nd theme D. Overall form of movement = Rondo Atr B tr A’ tr C trA + Coda a b a’ a b a’ |: a :||: b a’ :| B= theme A in new key Dominant (V) Counterpoint/ Imitation based on a’