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1. Students copy only the RED words or phrases

2. World History Standards Packet

3. Rise of Democracy PROLOGUE
4. 10.1.1 Analyze the similarities and differences in Judeo-Christian and Greco-Roman views of law, reason and faith, and duties of the individual.
5. Similarities Rule of Law – Written Laws Moral Choice - People can choose between right and wrong
6. Differences Many Gods (polytheistic)/One God (monotheistic) Dignity comes from intelligence/Dignity comes from God Duty to State/Duty to God Athens (Greeks) influence Western Political thought with believes in individual achievement, dignity, and worth.
7. 10.1.2 Trace the development of the Western political ideas of the rule of law and illegitimacy of tyranny, using selections from Plato's Republic and Aristotle's Politics
8. Plato “Tyranny is the wretchedness form of government.” Rule by a tyrant takes away the natural rights of citizens. Believed in rule by “Philosopher Kings” – those with the most intelligence. Natural Rights are not protected under a tyrant.
9. Aristotle Rule of Law Rule of law is the only way to guarantee that natural rights are protected. Law applies to everyone. No one is above the law – not even those who rule Government actions must adhere to the law. Laws maintain the stability of a nation.
10. 10.2.3 Consider the influence of the U.S. Constitution on political systems in the contemporary world.
11. Japan Japanese constitution was written by the U.S. after World War II Uses the same words as the U.S. constitution: We, ordain, prosperity
12. Germany German constitution was written by the U.S. after World War II Uses the same words as the U.S. constitution: We, ordain, prosperity
13. U.N. Charter Uses same words/phrases as the U.S. constitution: “We the people” & “Establish justice” Difference: Says “equal pay for equal work”
14. Enlightenment & Revolution CHAPTER 6&7
15. 10.2.1 Compare the major ideas of philosophers and their effects on the democratic revolutions in England, the United States, France, and Latin America (e.g., John Locke, Charles-Louis Montesquieu, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, SimónBolívar, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison).
16. John Locke Natural (aka Unalienable) Rights= Life, Liberty, Property If the government fails to protect natural rights, the people have the right to rebel and establish a new government.
17. Montesquieu Separation of Powers between 3 Branches of Government Legislative Branch: Makes the Laws Executive Branch: Enforces the Laws Judicial Branch: interprets the laws Checks & Balances: All branches can “check” each other thus it “balances” the power between them (so no branch has more power than the other)
18. Rousseau A social contract exists between the government and the governed. A constitution is a written social contract. If the government fails to protect natural rights, the people have the right to rebel and establish a new government. Government must balance rule of law and the rights of the people.
19. Simon Bolivar Led a South American democratic revolution against Spain based on the ideals of the Enlightenmentand the success of the American Revolution. Bolivia is named after him
20. Thomas Jefferson Wrote the Declaration of Independence Influenced by John Locke King had violated the people’s natural rights: Americans had the right to rebel and form a new government – Locke
21. James Madison Father of the U.S. Constitution Influenced by Rousseau and Montesquieu’s ideas social contract – Rousseau separation of powers & checks and balances - Montesquieu
22. 10.2.2 List the principles of the Magna Carta, the English Bill of Rights (1689), the American Declaration of Independence (1776), the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen (1789), and the U.S. Bill of Rights (1791).
23. Magna Carta First to limit the power of the monarch or government First Bill of Rights guaranteed rights to the nobility Due Process of Law crime, evidence, warrant, arrest, trial No taxation without common consent
24. English Bill of Rights Reduced monarch’s power no taxation without parliament’s permission Free speech in parliament monarch cannot suspend the laws No excessive bail or cruel and unusual punishment
25. Declaration of Independence Letter to King George III Says: All men are create equal Influenced by John Locke’s natural rights unalienable rights – life, liberty, pursuit of happiness King George violated the rights of Americans by taxing them without representation violated the social contract, Americans have the right to rebel Protect the rights of the people
26. French Declaration of Rights of Man & Citizen Written by the France’s National Assembly (reps of the Third Estate) Protect the rights of the people Includes natural rights- life, liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression
27. U.S. Bill of Rights First 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution Rights included: Freedom of speech, press, assembly Right to bear arms Due Process of law
28. Universal Declaration of Human Rights Equal pay for equal work
29. 10.2.3 Understand the unique character of the American Revolution, its spread to other parts of the world, and its continuing significance to other nations.
30. American Revolution Americans (colonists) vs British (red coats) Revolution based on ideas. Created a lasting constitution (unlike the French Revolution) Inspired the French Revolution & Simon Bolivar to lead revolutions in Latin America Both it and the French Revolution favored a representative government
31. 10.2.4 Explain how the ideology of the French Revolution led France to develop from constitutional monarchy to democratic despotism to the Napoleonic Empire.
32. Phases of French Revolution 1stPhase: Constitutional Monarchy Oath of the Tennis Court - Third Estate created a new constitution Wrote the French Declaration of Rights of Man – goals liberty, equality, and fraternity. Storming of the Bastille – first popular protest of French Rev. 2nd Phase: Committee of Public Safety Leader: Robespierre Reign of Terror: thousands sent to guillotine
33. 3rd Phase: The Directory Get rid of Robespierre (end of Reign of Terror) Directory rules France 4th Phase: Napoleon Napoleon establishes security after ten years of chaos and weak of French government crowns himself Emperor Has absolute power, creates new legal system, and conquers most of Europe After Napoleon: Absolute Monarchy restored
34. 10.2.5 Discuss how nationalism spread across Europe with Napoleon but was repressed for a generation under the Congress of Vienna and Concert of Europe until the Revolutions of 1848.
35. Congress of Vienna 1819: Meeting of European leaders in Vienna Goals: create peace, take away land from France, andrestore balance of power (suppressed nationalism) Was successful – peace for almost 100 years; restored stability and security to Europe.
36. Concert of Europe Restore monarchs in Spain, France, Germany, Sicily
37. Industrial Revolution CHAPTER 9
38. 10.3.1 Analyze why England was the first country to industrialize.
39. Natural Resources water, coal, and iron ore
40. Technology water power, spinning jenny, power frame, and steam engine
41. Banking Establish credit Investment: loan money for building factories and machines Promote world trade
42. Government Stability No war due to strong military Laws support business
43. 10.3.2 Examine how scientific and technological changes and new forms of energy brought about massive social, economic, and cultural change (e.g., the inventions and discoveries of James Watt, Eli Whitney, Henry Bessemer, Louis Pasteur, Thomas Edison).
44. James Watt Improved the steam engine Speeds up production and reduces cost of goods Steam power is the most efficient source of power during Industrial Revolution
45. Eli Whitney Creates the cotton gin cotton clothing is affordable can change clothes more often which improves health
46. Henry Bessemer Turning iron into steel Steel becomes a building material Safer than iron in machinery
47. Louis Pasteur Sterilization (aka “Pasteurization”) of milk kills germs and bacteria= better health and cleanliness milk becomes a food product
48. Thomas Edison Electricity; creates light bulb Factories can be lit for 24 hours areas without water can now industrialize
49. 10.3.3. Describe the growth of population, rural to urban migration, and growth of cities associated with the Industrial Revolution.
50. Growth of Population Agricultural Revolution: Improved farming methods = increases food= population grows
51. Rural to Urban Migration Urbanization: movement of people from farms (rural) to cities (urban) Too many people on the farms, not enough work– farm workers move to cities to seek factory work
52. Growth of Cities Industrialization allows cities to grow Population growth in cities: London, Manchester, Birmingham Problemsin cities: pollution, overcrowding, crime, and sickness
53. 10.3.4 Trace the evolution of work and labor, including the demise of the slave trade and the effects of immigration, mining and manufacturing, division of labor, and the union movement.
54. Slavery Ends William Wilberforce Abolishes slavery in England Believes slavery is immoral and an economic advantage for slave owners
55. Immigration Immigrants provide cheap, unskilled labor. Allows citizens to move-up economically
56. Mining & Manufacturing Machines increase output of goods Mining for coal to run machines and transportation devices (locomotives)
57. Division of Labor assembly line = increases production Rich factory owners, poor workers Problems among workers: long hours, low pay, child labor, dangerous work influences union movement
58. Union Movement Unions: an organized group of workers that fight for better working conditions and wages They reduce work hours, restrict child labor, increase safety, and improve working conditions Collective bargaining: union members bargain with business owners (employers) for better working conditions
59. 10.3.5 Understand the connections among natural resources, entrepreneurship, labor, and capital in an industrial economy.
60. Four Factors of Production Land (resources) Labor (workers) Capital (money) Entrepreneurship (business men)
61. Trade National and global increases the capital (money) entrepreneurs need to expand their business/factories
62. 10.3.5 Analyze the emergence of capitalism as a dominant economic pattern and the responses to it, including Utopianism, Social Democracy, Socialism, and Communism.
63. Capitalism Created by Adam Smith Wrote “The Wealth of Nations” Free Market Economy Laissez Faire – “Let the Market Decide”; Government leaves businesses alone Businesses own property and follow their own self-interests
64. Utopianism Created by Robert Owen in New Harmony, Indiana Utopia means “a perfect society” Utopian experiments failed
65. Socialism Created by Charles Fourier People work for the benefit of society People work, pay high taxes and receive government benefits retirement, health care, and free college education
66. Communism Created by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels Wrote the “Communist Manifesto” In the “Communist Manifesto”: Two groups : Proletariat – poor working class Bourgeoisie – business owners (middle and rich classes) own the factories, exploit the poor workers, and become richer and richer WAR BREAKS OUT! between the workers and business owners workers win then all factories and businesses are owned by the workers workers divide up and share the profits (money) equally Classless society: no more rich, middle, poor class = everyone equal
67. 10.3.6 Describe the emergence of Romanticism in art and literature (e.g., the poetry of William Blake and William Wordsworth), social criticism (e.g., the novels of Charles Dickens), and the move away from Classicism in Europe.
68. Romanticism Writing, poetry, and art that focuses on emotion, fantasy, and beauty Opposite of classicism Classicism: focuses on Greeks and Romans Nature are featured themes Was a reaction to overcrowded cities, pollution, and industrialization
69. Blake & Wordsworth Romanticism writers
70. Charles Dickens Writer during industrial revolution Author of “Christmas Carol” and “Oliver Twist” His books: Focus on social criticism (social problems) Talk about industrialization and its effects on people (ex. urban living and working conditions)
71. Imperialism CHAPTER 11&12
72. 10.4.1 Describe the rise of industrial economies and their link to imperialism and colonialism (e.g., the role played by national security and strategic advantage; moral issues raised by the search for national hegemony, Social Darwinism, and the missionary impulse; material issues such as land, resources, and technology).
73. National Security Strategic Advantage Imperialism: rich, industrialized countries go out and colonize (take over) poor non-industrialized countries Countries taken over become colonies: Colonies a sign of a countries’ power (the more you have the more powerful you are) People in these colonies fight for the countries that colonized them when wars break out (ex. World War I) Gives colonizers a strategic advantage and greater security during wars
74. Social Darwinism Based on “Theory of Evolution” by Charles Darwin Darwin’s theory of “survival of the fittest” applied to people Europeans believed they had a superior culture, therefore were more civilized and “fit for survival” It is their duty to bring civilization to and “save” those countries in the world not deemed “fit” Europeans used as justification (an excuse) for taking over other countries
75. Missionary Impulse Goal was to spread Christianity to people who had not been exposed to the Christian religion.
76. Resources and Labor Industrial economies in European countries relied on new markets to expand business. Suez Canal used as strategic shipping route for Europeans to get to Asia Needed a source of cheap raw materials and cheap labor. Africa and Asia provided both
77. 10.4.3 Explain imperialism from the perspective of the colonizers and the colonized and the varied immediate and long-term responses by the people under colonial rule.
78. Colonizers European countries and the U.S. “White Man’s Burden”: Duty of white Europeans to bring civilization to the people of the world. Paternalism: Europeans acted like parents. Colonized people were treated like children. Assimilation: must be like the colonizers – adopt dress, language, culture, religion. Japan becomes a colonial power after they industrialize in late 1800s
79. Colonized Conquered people in Asia, South America, and all countries in Africa * Except for Ethiopia and Liberia Cultures were not respected. Warring groups were put together and friendly groups were split apart. IMPACT: colonized nations tried to gain independence and establish stable governments Sepoy Mutiny- Indian soldiers rebellion against British imperialism India known as the “Jewel of the Crown” because it was the most valuable of the British colonies
80. 10.4.4 Describe the independence struggles of the colonized regions of the world, including the roles of leaders, such as Sun Yat-sen in China, and the roles of ideology and religion.
81. Sun Yat-sen Before him, China deals with anti-foreign uprisings (Boxer Rebellion) and could not control foreign influence Helped bring down the Qing Dynasty – last emperor of China. 1920s: First provisional president when the Republic of China. Co-founded the Kuomintang Respected in both Mainland China and in Taiwan.
82. Gandhi Leader of the Indian movement for independence Used non-violent protest to gain India’s independence from Britain Salt March – a non-violent protest that brought world attention to India His non-violent protest inspired people like Martin Luther King, Jr.
83. World War I CHAPTER 13
84. 10.5.1 Analyze the arguments for entering into war presented by leaders from all sides of the Great War and the role of political and economic rivalries, ethnic and ideological conflicts, domestic discontent and disorder, and propaganda and nationalism in mobilizing the civilian population in support of "total war."
85. France Germany is a political rival Wanted to regain land, Alsace-Lorraine, seized by Germany in Franco-Prussian War (this creates problems between Germany & France) Formed the Triple Entente because of Germany increasing their military power
86. Germany Political rival of France Sees France as a “threat to peace in Europe” Germany allies with Italy and Austria because of France Economic rival of Britain Germany wants to increase its power and influence; prove itself as a world player Nationalism is motivator to go to war
87. Britain Best navy and most powerful empire in the world. Germany’s mobilization of troops near Belgium and building up of arms causes Britain to form an alliance with France and Russia Nationalism plays a role in Britain’s decision to go to war
88. Russia Family relations plays a role in Russia’s decision to go to war Allies with Britain because Czarina Alexandria is the granddaughter of England’s Queen Victoria
89. Total War All supplies go to support the war People ration, give money, and buy bonds to support their country’s military Home-front propaganda posters promote peoples’ involvement in the war British & American propaganda - Germans viewed as brutes who violated the rights of conquered people.
90. Nationalism Excessive pride in your nation; belief that your nation is better than others Main motive for counties fighting in WWI Creates competition
91. Imperialism Competition to take over countries and establish world empires Creates tensions
92. Militarism Building up of arms (weapons) Increased nations’ readiness for war
93. Alliances Nations build friendships and sign agreements to support another if attacked This created small disputes that set the stage for war
94. Assassination Austia’s Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophia are killed by Serbian, GavriloPrinciip Austria declares war on Serbia Russia declares warsince they are an ally of Serbia Allies start backing up their allies World War I begins b/c of this event
95. 10.5.2 Examine the principal theaters of battle, major turning points, and the importance of geographic factors in military decisions and outcomes (e.g., topography, waterways, distance, climate).
96. SchlieffenPlan Purpose: German military to avoid fighting on two fronts Germany seeks to invade France first then attack Russia FAILS! German General Kluckstopped advance and retreated War last for 4 years
97. Battle of Marne Western Front stopped the German advance on France Germans used Schlieffen Plan…failed!
98. Battle of Ypres Western Front War bogs down - Trench warfare for 4 years Combat take place in a relatively small area on Western Front due to trench warfare
99. Eastern Front Germany vs Russia No trench warfare used Russia struggles because the are not industrialized 1 out of 4 Russians has a gun
100. 10.5.3 Explain how the Russian Revolution and the entry of the United States affected the course and outcome of the war.
101. Russia Economic hardships (taxing) which led to the fall of the czar cause Russia to leave the war Treaty of Brest-Litovsk signed between Germany and Russia to end the war Allows Germany to concentrate on Western Front
102. U.S. Enters the War Two reasons the Germans brought U.S. into WWI: Sinking of Lusitania:Germany’s unrestricted submarine warfare takes down a British ship with American passengers; angers American public Zimmerman note – letter between Mexico & Germany U.S. military and financial intervention in the war leads to the end of the WWI Allies win because of U.S. entrance U.S. is now a world power.
103. 10.5.4 Understand the nature of the war and its human costs (military and civilian) on all sides of the conflict, including how colonial peoples contributed to the war effort.
104. Human Costs Total war: disrupts economy destroys historical treasures kills civiliansand millions of soldiers Europe’s youth destroyed Nothing is gained Bad peace negotiated (Treaty of Versailles)
105. Colonial People Colonial peoples became soldiers in Allied armies Promised independence if they fought on the side of the colonizers Independence not given after the war
106. 10.5.5 Discuss human rights violations and genocide, including the Ottoman government's actions against Armenian citizens.
107. Human Rights Violations Use of poison gas (chemical weapons) and biological weapons seen as human rights violation Result – Geneva (Switzerland) Conventions adopted in 1925
108. Armenian Genocide Armenians’ sided with Russians in battles against the Ottoman Empire (Turkey) Armenian Christians vsIslamic Turks Almost 2 million Armenians starved or were executedby Turks Hitler, “I can do whatever I want to the Jews. After all, no one did anything about the Armenians.”
109. 10.6.1 Analyze the aims and negotiating roles of world leaders, the terms and influence of the Treaty of Versailles and Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points, and the causes and effects of the United States’ rejection of the League of Nations on world politics.
110. Britain, France, Italy (change to Treaty of Versailles) Britain & France’s goal: punish Germany Italy & their leader, Orlando, upset they did not get land (Austria-Hungary)
111. Germany’s Surrender How Britain & France punished Germany: Germany cannot rebuild its military forces accept responsibility for starting the war. (war guilt) had to pay war reparations (war debt) to other countries) $33 billion military power was restricted colonies taken away
112. Wilson U.S. President during WWI Created Fourteen Points Brought to the meeting at Versailles
113. Fourteen Points Plan for just and lasting peace One of the Fourteen Points was the establishment of the League of Nations
114. League of Nations An association of all nations League of Nations was defeated by the U.S. Congress. U.S. would not participate. U.S. did not want to be involved in European affairs U.S. becomes an isolationist nation
115. Population Movement Zionist movement begins: Jews of Europe want to return to the Holy Land Balfour Declaration supports Zionist movement Jewish population increases in Palestine (Israel)
116. International Economy Germany’s economy is in shambles. Germany prints money to pay off war debt, pushes itself and the rest of Europe into an economic depression.
117. Middle East Ottoman Empire Falls Republic of Turkey created Armenia, Iran, Iraq formed
118. European Changes Austria-Hungarian Empire divided up New nations created in Europe- Yugoslavia, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Lithuania, Lativa, Estonia, Finland