Crime What is it good for?

1. CrimeWhat is it good for? Practical Law

2. Step #1 and #2 • DESCRIBE each of the 5 crimes you have chosen • Act as though you are the attorney and I am the jury • Where was the crime committed? • When was it committed? • Why was it committed (motive)? • How was the principal actor caught? • What specific evidence was used to convict or acquit.

3. Crimes against a person Westley Allan Dodd The Beltway Snipers

4. Westley Allan Dodd: child molester and serial killer • Perpetrators (who) : Westley Allan Dodd • Born: July 3, 1961 in Washington State • Motivation: Grew up in a “loveless” home, neglected by his parents in favor of his younger brothers. Developed sick fantasies for molesting and abusing young children. His fantasies then turned to killing children. Westley Allan Dodd

5. The Murders • 1st Murder Victims: the Neer Brothers • September 4, 1989 at 6:15pm in David Douglas Park, Washington State • Billy and Cole Neer, ages10 and 11, were taking a shortcut home through the park from a golf course when they were blocked by Dodd. Frightened, the boys were led off the park trail when Dodd molested both boys, stabbed them to death, and cleaned up the evidence. The Neer family reported their missing sons and the local authorities would find their bodies several hours later. Dodd gets away with this murder. • 2nd Murder Victim: Lee Iseli • October 29, 1989 in the Richard School Playground then in Dodd’s home • Dodd found 4 year old Lee Iseli playing by himself in the school playground. Dodd abducted Lee Iseli and brought him to Dodd’s home. He tortured Lee Iseli and then strangled him the next morning before hanging him in his closet. He went to work and returned to dispose the body in a lake but kept the boy’s briefs as a souvenir.

6. Step #3 • Describe the punishment that the principal actor received. • If they were acquitted or wrongfully convicted, explain why • There HAS to have been a trial in order for you to complete this step. DO NOT choose a crime for which there has not yet been a trial (example: Treyvon Martin)

7. Punishment(link) • Caught: Dodd is arrested after attempting to abduct a boy but is tackled and held down by the boy’s mom’s boyfriend. Questioned by authorities, he confesses to the murders of Billy and Cole Neer, and Lee Iseli. • Incriminating evidence: • a briefcase under Dodd’s bed containing Iseli’s underwear • pictures taken by Dodd’s of Iseli’s corpse • his diary outlining his fantasies and plans to act them out • homemade torture rack • Dodd was charged with three counts of first degree murder and attempted kidnapping. • Punishment: Dodd received the death sentence on July 15, 1990. • Dodd chose to be executed by hanging, claiming he “wanted to experience what Lee Iseli had experienced.” • Executed at 12:05 a.m. on June 5, 1993 • The first legal hanging in the U.S. since 1965 Dodd’s briefcase and his homemade torture rack which was intended for his next victim.

8. Step #4 • Analyze the punishment. • Did the punishment fit the crime? • Why or why not? • Does this show that our justice system is working or does it prove that the system may need some refining?

9. Whether Justice was served... • Dodd was executed for his crimes but the execution method was his choice, hanging. He wanted to feel how his last victim felt when the victim was hanged, so there seems to be a small amount of gratification for Dodd to be executed this way. Also, many protested that hanging was cruel and unusual punishment and that Dodd seemed he wanted to hang as if to die a martyr. • He had also molested over 30 children before he committed the murders. He was caught several times but was never heavily punished. • In conclusion, justice was not served in that Westley Allan Dodd was executed the way he wanted be executed. The judicial system seems be a little flawed also because authorities had caught him several times molesting and exposing himself to children, but was not heavily punished for his crimes (he was usually just allowed to walk away or given a few days in prison). He could have been stopped if he had been given heavier punishments for his earlier crimes. Room where Dodd was hanged on June 5, 1993.

10. John Allen Muhammad (The Beltway Snipers) • Perpetrators: John Allen Muhammad and his younger partner, Lee Boyd Malvo • Muhammad was born on Dec. 31 1960 • Malvo was born on Feb. 18 1985 • Motive: Supposedly the murders were part of Muhammad’s and Malvo’s “Jihad” as both were members of the “Nation of Islam.” Muhammad’s prosecutor later claimed that the rampage were part of a plot to kill Muhammad’s ex-wife. The Beltway Snipers, John Allen Muhammad (right) and Lee Boyd Malvo (left)

11. The Beltway Sniper Attacks • The attacks occurred throughout Washington D.C., Virginia, and Maryland • Washington Metropolitan Area and Interstate 95 in Virginia • Known as the Beltway attacks because the snipers were thought to have been using the Capital Beltway to travel • There had been earlier crimes by Muhammad and Malvo in Louisiana and Alabama. • The Beltway attacks began October 2, 2002 and ended October 24, 2002.

12. The Attacks continued • October 2nd Attacks: • 5:20 pm, a shot was fired through the window of a Michael’s Craft store in Aspen Hill, Maryland. No was injured, so no alarm was raised. • 6:30, 55 year old James Martin was shot and killed in the parking lot of a Shoppers Food Warehouse in Glenmont, Maryland. • October 3rd Attacks: • 7:41 am, 39 year old James L. Buchanan was shot and killed while mowing grass near Rockville, Maryland. • 8:12 am, 54 year old taxi driver Premkumar Walekar was killed while at a gas station in Aspen Hill Road, Maryland. • 8:37 am, 34 year old babysitter and housekeeper Sarah Ramos was killed at Leisure World Shopping Center in Aspen Hill, Maryland, while reading a book on a bench. • 9:58 am, 25 year old Lori Ann Lewis-Rivera was shot and killed while vacuuming her car at a gas station in Kensington, Maryland. • 9:15 pm, 72 year old Pascal Charlot, a retired carpenter, was killed while walking on Georgia Avenue in Washington D.C.. Sniping method used by Muhammad and Malvo

13. The Attacks • October 4, 2:30 pm, 43 year old Caroline Seawell was wounded in the parking lot of Spotsylvania Mall in Spotsylvania, Virginia. • October 7, 8:09 am, 13 year old Iran Brown was wounded in Benjamin Tasker Middle School in Bowie, Maryland. • October 9, 8:18 pm, 53 year old Dean Harold Meyers was killed while pumping gasoline at a gas station in Prince William County, Virginia. • October 11, 9:30 am, 53 year old Kenneth Bridges was shot dead while he was pumping fuel at a gas station in Spotsylvania, Virginia. • October 14, 9:15, 47 year old FBI intelligence analyst Linda Franklin was shot outside a Home Depot in Fairfax County, Virginia. • October 19, 8:00 pm, 37 year old Jeffrey Hopper was shot but wounded in the parking lot near the Ponderosa steakhouse in Ashland, Virginia. • October 22, 5:56 am, Conrad Johnson, a bus driver, was shot dead in his bus in Aspen Hill, Maryland. He is the last victim of the Beltway Attacks. Reactions(link)

14. List of the Victims Killed: • Claudine Parker • James Martin • James Buchanan • Premkumar Walekar • Sarah Ramos • Lori Ann Lewis-Rivera • Pascal Charlot • Dean Harold Meyers • Kenneth Bridges • Linda Franklin • Conrad Johnson Wounded: • Caroline Seawell • Iran Brown • Jeffrey Hopper • Paul LaRuffa • John Gaeta • Kellie Adams Location of the attacks

15. Arrest and Punishment • On Oct. 34, police were tipped off by Whitney Donahue of a suspicious blue 1990 Chevrolet Caprice parked in a rest stop on Interstate 70 near Myersville, Maryland. Police blocked off the rest stop and arrested Muhammad and Malvo, who were sleeping in their car. • Police also found a Bushmaster XM-15 .233-caliber rifle and bipod in Muhammad’s car. • Evidence: • The rifle found in Muhammad’s car. Ballistics test matched the weapon to the murders. • A sniping perch built in the back of the car. • Cryptic Messages sent to the police by Muhammad. • Photos with messages written on them referring to Islamic Jihad. • In September, 2003, Muhammad was sentenced to death for the Beltway sniper attacks. Malvo was sentenced to six consecutive life sentences without possibility of parole. • November 10, 2009, Muhammad was executed by lethal injection. The rifle used by Muhammad and Malvo

16. Justice? • Justice was served in that Muhammad was executed and Malvo received 6 consecutive life sentences without parole, punishments that fit the crime and because Muhammad dominated in his relationship with Malvo, so it is fitting that he received the death sentence and not Malvo. • However, it took until 2006 to finally prosecute the murders concerning an issue concerning the death penalties with minors (Malvo). However, the judicial system had done a fine job to convict the two murders. This proves that the judicial system works.

17. Crimes against property John Orr The Great Brinks Robbery

18. John Orr, Arsonist • Who: John Orr, born April 26 of 1949, a former fire captain and arson investigator • When and Where: Throughout the 1980s and 1990s in the Los Angeles area • Motive: Unclear. Perhaps when he failed an entrance exam to become a police officer and instead became a fire fighter. Or perhaps was angered when fellow arson investigators dismissed his claim that a certain fire was caused by arson. What: John Orr committed a series of arsons that plagued the Los Angeles area from the 1980s through the 1990s. Victim: the state of California, costing millions of dollars in damages. John Orr in the foreground

19. The Arsons Accounts of Arson by John Orr •  Arson -Pasadena, CA (10-Oct-1984) • Arson -Fresno, CA (13-Jan-1987) • Arson -Fresno, CA (15-Jan-1987) • Arson -Tulare, CA (16-Jan-1987) • Arson -Bakersfield, CA (16-Jan-1987) • Arson -Fresno, CA (30-Jan-1987) • Arson -Morro Bay, CA (3-Mar-1989) • Arson -Salinas, CA (4-Mar-1989) • Arson -Atascadero, CA (9-Mar-1989) • Arson -Atascadero, CA (again, 9-Mar-1989) • Arson -Atascadero, CA (yet again, 9-Mar-1989) • Arson -San Luis Obispo, CA (9-Mar-1989) • Arson -Highland Park, CA (10-Dec-1990) • Arson -Burbank, CA (13-Dec-1990) • Arson -North Hollywood, CA (14-Dec-1990) • Arson -Glendale, CA (22-Feb-1991) • Arson -Lawndale, CA (27-Mar-1991) • Arson -Redondo Beach, CA (27-Mar-1991) • How (modus operandi): Orr set fires using incendiary timing-devices, usually of a lit cigarette, three matches wrapped in ruled yellow writing paper, and secured by a rubber band. He often chose open and populated areas. He draw away firefighters, he would set small fires in grassy areas before committing his crimes. Site of one of Orr’s arson

20. Arrest and Punishment • In 1987, an Arson Investigators convention occurred in Fresno, CA, while a series of arsons occurred. • Investigators led by the Bakersfield Fire Department suspected an arson investigator due to a fingerprint found on a recovered incendiary device and created a short list of suspects from the attendance list from the Fresno convention. Orr was on that list. • Another fingerprint recovered from an fire matched that of John Orr and investigators, now the Fire Investigators Regional Strike Team, began to heavily suspect him. • John Orr became a subject to surveillance for many months and he was found to have been present at the locations of the next series of fires. • Investigators agreed to obtain an arrest warrant for Orr and arrested him on Dec. 4, 1991. • Evidence: • Finger prints found at sites of fire • Incendiary devices • Evidence from surveillance • On July 31, 1992, Orr was convicted by a jury in a federal court on three counts of arson and three more counts of arson on March 24, 1993 and received life imprisonment.

21. Was Justice served? • In conclusion, justice was served for John Orr who was given a life sentence. Considering the damages he caused, which cost California millions of dollars, the jury was correct in giving him a life sentence. In prison, John Orr would no longer be able to set fires and be a danger to society. • John Orr’s case may prove that the judicial system is working. However, John Orr, even to today, proclaims that he is innocent. Indeed, but concerning the evidence, the jury seems to have convicted Orr correctly and thus proves that judicial system is working.

22. The Great Brinks Robbery • Date: Jan. 17 1950 • Where: the Brinks Building at the corner of Prince St. and Commercial St. in the North End of Boston, Massachusetts, USA • Victim: The Brinks Company, a security and protection services company. • Who: An eleven-man team led by Tony “the Pig” Pino: • Joseph “Specs” O’Keefe • Anthony “Fats” Pino • Joseph “Big Joe” McGinnis • Stanley “Gus” Gusciora • Vincent Costa • Michael Vincent Geagan • Thomas Francis Richardson • Adolph “Jazz” Maffie, • Henry Baker • James Faherty • Joseph “Barney” Banfield

23. The Heist • The robbers donned uniforms and every one of the robbers dressed in blue Navy pea coats, chauffeur’s caps, Halloween masks, gloves, and rubber-soled shoes. • Pino and Banfield remained in the getaway car while seven of the other robbers entered the building at 6:55 pm. • Using copied keys, the robbers entered the second floor and jumped five Brinks employees who were storing and counting money. They robbers bound the employees and gagged them. • Multiple canvas bags of cash, coins, checks, and money orders were taken. • The robbers walked out at 7:30 taking $2.7 million with them. The crime scene (above) and a newspaper headline (below).

24. Diagram of the Brinks Robbery

25. Arrest and Punishment • The robbers agreed not to use the money until after 6 years (when the statute of limitations expire), deciding to separate to form alibis. • However, Joseph “Specs” O’Keefe was required to serve a prison sentence for another crime and felt he would be cheated of his share of the cash. He thus threatened to “talk.” • Tony Pino hired a hit man, Elmer Burke, to kill O’Keefe. • O’Keefe was only wounded though and agreed to authorities to testify against his gang members. • Evidence: • O’Keefe’s and Elmer Burke’s confessions. • Recovered uniforms. • Information informers collected concerning O’Keefe and Pino’s arguments over money (the stolen money) • On January 12, 1956, the FBI arrested Baker, Costa, Geagan, Maffie, McGinnis, and Tony Pino. Faherty and Richardson were arrested on May 16. • Gusciora died on July 9 and Banfield had already been dead since an unknown date. • Trial began on August 1956. • Eight of the gang members received maximum sentences of life imprisonment. • All were paroled by 1971, expect for McGinnis who had died while in prison. • O’Keefe only had to serve 4 years in prison and was thus released 1960. • Only $58,000 had been recovered of the $2.7 million

26. Was justice served? • Justice was served in the case of the Brinks Robbery. The punishment the robbers received, maximum life imprisonment, was fitting concerning the huge amount of money they stole. However, they were all paroled which is acceptable concerning that they were much older than they were at the time of the robbery. However, they had only served only about 20 years in prison which may not have been enough but seems to be a fitting number for a bank robbery plus the fact that no one killed in the crime. Still, it seems that the convicted robbers were fit to be paroled. In conclusion, it seems that the judicial system is working in that a proper punishment was given out and the criminals were paroled after a good number of years.

27. Victimless crimes Jeffrey Epstein

28. Jeffrey Epstein • Perpetrator: Jeffrey Epstein, an American financer • Victims: several girls aged 13 to 17 • Where: Palm Beach, Florida • When: 2005 to 2011 • What: soliciting prostitution of underage girls Jeffrey Epstein

29. Solicitation of Prostitution: Arrest and Punishment • March 2005, a woman contacted Palm Beach police, concerned that her 14 year old step-daughter was taken to Epstein’s mansion by another girl and was paid $300 to strip and then massage Epstein as he masturbated. • By 2011, over 40 girls aged 13 to 17 confessed similar stories. • Some said that Epstein sexually assaulted them. • Police began an 11-month investigation of Epstein, followed by a search of his home. • Evidence includes: • Interviews with 5 alleged victims and 14 under oath • Phone messages • Pictures of the young girls • Testimony of Epstein’s two house keepers • He was arrested in 2006.

30. Punishment and Justice • A grand jury charged Epstein with the single felony of solicitation of prostitution. He pleaded not guilty in August of 2006. • In June of 2008 he pleaded to single charge of solicitation of prostitution. He received a 18-month sentence. • He served 13-months of his 18-month sentence and was required to register as a sex offender. Justice was not served in the case of Jeffrey Epstein. As a sexual crime, especially against underage girls, Epstein should have gotten a longer sentence than 18 months in prison. Also, instead only serving 13 months of his sentence, Epstein should have served his full sentence of 18 months. Fortunately though, the judicial system did require Epstein to register as a sex offender. However, the judicial system needs to be fixed. If it had been, it would have given Epstein a harsher punishment.

31. Works Cited • http://www.forbes.com/sites/clareoconnor/2011/02/28/jeffrey-epstein-sex-offender-yes-billionaire-no/ • http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-great-brinks-robbery • http://kurtkamm.com/uncategorized/john-orr-arson-investigator-serial-arsonist/ • http://www.sccs.swarthmore.edu/users/08/ajb/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Beltway_sniper_attacks.html • http://wn.com/Beltway_sniper_attacks • http://www.cnbc.com/id/27653548/Prostitution_Scandals_of_the_Rich_Famous_Powerful?slide=17 • http://crime.about.com/od/murder/a/westley_dobb.htm