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Hinduism

Hinduism. This is the sum of duty; do not do to others what would cause pain if done to you. Historical background. Over centuries, Hinduism begins with the Indo – European invasion of India in 500 BC India was involved by many people.

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Hinduism

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  1. Hinduism This is the sum of duty; do not do to others what would cause pain if done to you.

  2. Historical background • Over centuries, Hinduism begins with the Indo – European invasion of India in 500 BC India was involved by many people. • Hinduism developed out of a multiplicity of local gods, goddesses and heroes. • No main leaders many teachers were considered leaders. • Sankara • Ramanuja • Ninbarka • Madhva • Muslim-Hindu conflict • Islamic people wanted to expand So they traveled into India and destroyed there temples tension between them now.

  3. Basic belief system • Hindus believe in many gods/ goddesses • Hindus believe in the divinity of the 4 Vedas. • Reincarnation/ after life • Karma • Hindus believe that divine beings exist in unseen worlds and that temple worship, rituals, sacraments and personal devotionals create a unity with devas and Gods. • Hinduism focuses on self achievement

  4. Gods/goddesses • Ganesha – the elephant god. God of all existing beings • Shiva – the most powerful god. God of death and dissolution • Krishna – the supreme being • Rama – known as the ideal son, husband and father • Hanuman – the monkey god. Symbol of physical strength. • Vishnu – Preserver of all life • Lakshmi – goddess of wealth and prosperity • dugra – mother goddess • Kali – evil goddess of darkness • Sarawati – goddess of knowledge

  5. Vegetarian diet 3 reasons Hindus could choose to be vegetarian • Principle of non – violence. Applied to animals • intention to offer only “pure” vegetarian food in their diet • Non – vegetarian food damages the mind and spiritual development

  6. Non-vegetarian diet • Higher class (Brahmins) are usually non-vegetarians • They are allowed to eat fish and some meat • Jhatka is a common method of slaughtering. In jhatka the butcher slices the head off the animal with a single stroke of an animal which causes minimal suffering

  7. Sacred symbols • lotus- represents beauty and non-attachment • Om- represents the 3 worlds-earth, atmosphere, heaven. The 3 major Hindu gods Brahma, Vishnu and Siva. The 3 sacred Vedic scriptures Rg, yajur and sama • The pratik- the upward pointing triangle represents ones external actions. The downward pointing triangle represents ones internal work. The rising sun represents spiritual progress. The swastika represents fulfilment or ones ultimate spiritual goals

  8. Sacred Symbols part two • Swastika- used as a charm to bring good fortune and well being • Trihsula- symbolizes empire and the irresistible force of transcendental reality. The 3 prongs represent creator, pressure and destroyer • Yantra- represents the universe. Used in Hindu worship and meditation. • Bind- worn on the forehead of a married women. Symbolizes female energy , it’s believed to protect women and their husbands.

  9. Sacred text Vedas; there are 4 Vedas the Rig Veda, Sama Veda, yajur Veda and Atharva Veda. Primary texts They have a big influence on Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism. Rig Veda is the oldest of the four Vedas

  10. Sacred places • Rameswaram temple- shaiva centre, considered immensely sacred as the Hindu religious center • Hared war- a ancient place that was made holy. One of the 7 holiest places for Hindus

  11. Rituals • Hindu rituals are called sanskars. • Hindus believe that it is the responsibility of each individual to continue the Hindu race by participating in a ritual after marriage • Prayers occur before having a child to insure well being Other rituals... • Namakarna • Karnavedha • Mundan • Upanayana

  12. Weddings • Ceremonies are very colourful and extend for several days. • Wedding ceremonies are traditionally conducted at least partially in Sanskrit Steps in a wedding ceremony... • Jayamaala – meeting of the families, exchange of garlands • Madhu – Parka – the bride and groom are offered a seat for the long ceremony to begin • GauDaan and KanyaPratigrahan – gifts are exchanged between the families, passing of the mungala sootra • Vivaha– Homa – the sacred fire is lit and prayers are said • Paanigrahan – the ceremony of vows and the eight lamvas • Sapta – Padi – the couple walk 7 steps and recit a prayer at each step • Surya Darshan and DhruvaDarshan –the couple get blessings from the sun and the polar star for a creative and unshaken life • Ashirvada – belssings from the guests Arranged marriages do occur in this religion and so do forced marragies

  13. Holidays/Celebrations Some celebrations are... • Diwali – festival of lights • Hanuman jayanti – festival of hanuman (the monkey god) • Krishna Janmashtami – the birth of Krishna (a very popular god) • Nine nights festival – symbolizes good over evil • Rama navarni – celebrates the birth of lord rama • Rakshabandhan - Festival that celebrates brotherhood and love • Swaminarayanjayanti – celebrates the birthday of lord swaminarayan • Vaisakhi- festival celebrated according the solar calendar • Varshapratipada - Hindu spring new year, birth of the year • Ganeshchaturthi – birthday of lord ganesh • Origins of Holi– marks some Hindu legends • mahashrivratri - celebrated during the night and day that comes before the new moon • Makarsankruni – celebrates the suns journey into the northern hemisphere http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EnZf07kh6-Y

  14. Mandir • The mandir is the place of worship for all Hindus. • Pictures of gods/goddesses • Offerings/ blessings • Worship at home • Prasad

  15. Pooja/Pundits • The way Hindus worship is called Pooja • In the prayer “Pooja” the worshiper repeats his/her favourite gods name over and over again. • Prasad is given to one after worshiping, this may include water, sweets and fruit. • Pundits are much like priests and are highly respected in the mandir

  16. Caste system • Hindus believe in the caste system: The 4 castes are: • Brahmins – highest class, known as the priests • Kshatriyas – warriors and usually rulers such as kings or queens • Vaisyas – skilled traders, merchants and minor officials • Sudras – the unskilled workers, the lowest class • There are also the “pariah” who do not fall under a caste. They are known as “gods children”

  17. Role of women • Positions range from equal status with men to restnctive • Role of women in Hinduism is widely depending on specific text content • Positive references are made to the ideal women in texts such as the Ramayana and the Mahabharata • Hindu women were naturally chasle

  18. The Spread of Hinduism

  19. Demographics • Originated in India • Practiced all over the world • Arguable to be the oldest religion • One of the three biggest religions • Most of the Hindu population is in India and Nepal

  20. Statistics • India 90 – 100 % • Nepal 80 – 90 % • Guyana – 40 – 50 % • Suriname – 40 – 50 % • Fiji – 40 – 50 % • Bengali – 20 – 30 % Over 1.5 million Hindus live in

  21. Created by: Nanakidhesi Aeshahayward Emily schwenning Kayla smith

  22. Bibliography http://www.religionfacts.com/hinduism/symbols.htm http://www.indianetzone.com/27/hindu_sacreed_places.htm www.diehardindian.com/demograph/moredemo/hindu.htm http://www.sacred-texts.com/htm http://hinduism.bout.com/od/godsgoddesses/tp/deties.htm www.wikipedia.org/wiki/women_in_hinduism www.wikipedia.org/wiki/madir www.bbc.co.uk/religions/hinduism/ritesrituals/wedding.shtml

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