Populism and Jim Crow

1. PopulismandJim Crow

2. “The Haymarket Riot,” Harper’s Weekly, May 15, 1886

3. The Pullman Strike, 1893-1894; socialist leader Eugene V. Debs arrested

4. Sioux drawing, The Battle of Little Bighorn, 1876

5. Photograph, the burial of the Sioux killed at the Wounded Knee, 1890

6. A Populist family from Nebraska

7. “Which Will Win?” New York Graphic, 1973

8. Cartoon about Populist unity

9. Cartoon about Silver and Gold Standard controversy, Houston Daily Post, 1896

10. William Jennings Bryan Swallowing the Democratic Party, Judge, 1896

11. Election map of 1896 - republican candidate, William McKinley wins

12. Samuel Gompers, founder and president of the American Federation of Labor

13. Mary Elizabeth Lease, Speech, 1890 [speaks to an audience of women] “Speech to the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union”[equality] … there is no difference between the brain of an intelligent woman and the brain of an intelligent man. [participation] … The doors of the Farmers’ Alliance were thrown open wide to women of the land. … we find at the present time upward of a half-million women in the Alliance …[political power] … to these women, unknown and uncrowned, belongs the honor of defeating for reelection to the United States Senate of a man [who argued that] “a woman could not and should not vote because she was a woman.”[addresses white demands only] … as grand Senator [William Morris] Stewart [of Nevada] puts it, “For twenty years the market value of the dollar has gone up and the market value of labor has gone down, till to-day the American laborer, in bitterness and wrath, asks which is the worst—the black slavery that has gone or the white slavery that has come?”

14. Editorial cartoon on Plessy v. Ferguson

15. Jim Crow, a minstrel theater character used to name the practice of segregation

16. Separate water fountains and coolers, 1939

17. Separate movie theater entrance, 1939

18. Lynching postcard

19. Booker T. Washington

20. Booker T. Washington’s Atlanta Compromise Speech A ship lost at sea for many days suddenly sighted a friendly vessel. From the mast of the unfortunate vessel was seen a signal: “Water, water. We die of thirst.” The answer from the friendly vessel at once came back: “Cast down your bucket where you are.” A second time, the signal, “Water, send us water!” went up from the distressed vessel. And was answered: “Cast down your bucket where you are.” A third and fourth signal for water was answered: “Cast down your bucket where you are.” The captain of the distressed vessel, at last heeding the injunction, cast down his bucket and it came up full of fresh, sparkling water from the mouth of the Amazon River. To those of my race who depend on bettering their condition in a foreign land, or who underestimate the importance of preservating friendly relations with the southern white man who is their next door neighbor, I would say: “Cast down your bucket where you are.” Cast it down, making friends in every manly way of the people of all races, by whom you are surrounded.

21. W. E. B. DuBois

22. U.S. Presidents, 1877-Present Rutherford B. Hayes, 1877-1881 James Garfield, 1881 Chester Arthur, 1881-1885 Grover Cleveland, 1885-1889 Benjamin Harrison, 1889-1993 Grover Cleveland, 1993-1997 William McKinley, 1897-1901 Theodore Roosevelt, 1901-1909 William H. Taft, 1909-1913 Woodrow Wilson, 1913-1921 Warren Harding, 1921-1923 Calvin Coolidge, 1923-1929 Herbert Hoover, 1929-1933 Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1933-1945 Harry Truman, 1945-1953 Dwight Eisenhower, 1953-1961 John F. Kennedy, 1961-1963 Lyndon Johnson, 1963-1969 Richard Nixon, 1969-1974 Gerald Ford, 1974-77 Jimmy Carter, 1977-1981 Ronald Reagan, 1981-1989 George H.W. Bush, 1989-1993 William J. Clinton, 1993-2001 George W. Bush, 2001-present