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States of Matter

E Q: Describe the particle arrangement in Solids, liquids and gases? SPS5. Students will compare and contrast the phases of matter as they relate to atomic and molecular motion. a. Compare and contrast the atomic/molecular motion of solids, liquids, gases and plasmas. States of Matter.

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States of Matter

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  1. E Q: Describe the particle arrangement in Solids, liquids and gases? • SPS5. Students will compare and contrast the phases of matter as they relate to atomic and molecular motion. • a. Compare and contrast the atomic/molecular motion of solids, liquids, gases and plasmas. States of Matter

  2. Matter – anything that has mass and takes up space • The word “kinetic” means • Three main parts of the theory: • All matter is made of tiny particles • These particles are in constant motion and the higher the temperature, the faster the particles move • At the same temperature, heavier particles move slower. Kinetic Theory

  3. States of Matter: 1. Solid 2. Liquid 3. Gas 4. Plasma

  4. Particles are tightly packed Particles vibrate in place Particles can not flow Constant volume Have very little energy 1. Solid

  5. Particles are loosely associated. Particles are able to slide past each other Particles can flow Constant volume Have a medium energy level 2. Liquid

  6. Spread out on their own Fluids- gases and liquids both flow Viscosity- the resistance to flow; also called thickness. The better the molecules stick to each other, the more resistance Liquids

  7. Particles are spread out Particles move all over the place Particles can flow Take the volume of whatever container they are in. Have lots of energy 3. Gas

  8. 4. Plasma Movie • Lightning is a plasma • Plasma is a lot like a gas, but the particles are electrically charged • Used in fluorescent light bulbs and neon lights • Extremely high energy levels Plasma has no definite shape or volume

  9. Kinetic Theory 16.1 Plasma State • All of the observed stars including the Sun consist of plasma. Plasma also is found in lightning bolts, neon and fluorescent tubes, and auroras.

  10. Molecules and atoms don’t change during a phase change The composition doesn’t change The mass doesn’t change The volume does change Only the particle motion changes Phase Changes

  11. Condensation- Change from gas to liquid As you cool a gas the molecules slow down As gas molecules slow down they stick together Exothermic Condensation

  12. Vaporization • Vaporization is a change of state from a • liquid to a gas Examples are: Evaporation, Boiling Endothermic

  13. Sublimation • Sublimation is a change • of state from a solid • directly to a gas Examples are: dry ice and ice trays in a freezer. endothermic

  14. Deposition • Deposition is a change of state from a gas directly to a solid. Example is making dry ice. Exothermic

  15. Examples are: • water to ice • liquid lava to solid rock Freezing Freezing is a change of state From a liquid to a solid exothermic

  16. Melting • Examples are: • Cheese on a • hamburger • Ice to water Movie • Melting is the change • of state from a solid to • a liquid endothermic

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