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Kingdom Plantae

Kingdom Plantae. Plants. Evolution of Plants . Three adaptations allowed plants to thrive on land: Ability to prevent water loss Ability to reproduce in the absence of water Ability to absorb and transport nutrients. Preventing Water Loss.

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Kingdom Plantae

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  1. Kingdom Plantae Plants

  2. Evolution of Plants • Three adaptations allowed plants to thrive on land: • Ability to prevent water loss • Ability to reproduce in the absence of water • Ability to absorb and transport nutrients

  3. Preventing Water Loss • Cuticle – a waxy protective covering on plants that prevent water loss. • Stomata – small openings that allow the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

  4. Reproduction • Spores- reproductive cell that is surrounded by a hard outer wall to prevent drying out. • Allows wide dispersal of plant species • Seeds- an embryo surrounded by a protective coat.

  5. Nutrients • Plants evolved vascular tissue to transport water and disolved substances from one part of the plant to another. • More Information To Come

  6. Classification of Plants • Plants can be divided in two groups based on the presence of vascular tissue. • Nonvascular Plants • Vascular Plants

  7. Nonvascular Plants • Lacks true vascular tissue • Lacks true roots • Lacks true stems • Lacks true leaves • Ex. Mosses, Liverworts, and Hornworts

  8. Bryophytes • Most primitive type of plants. • Need water to reproduce – sperm must swim through water to egg. • 16,600 species • Grow on land near streams and rivers.

  9. Vascular Plants • Have vascular tissue • Have true roots • Have true stems • Have true leaves

  10. Vascular Plants • Can be further divided into two groups: • Seedless Plants • Ex. Ferns, whisk ferns, club mosses, horsetails • Seed Plants • Ex. Cycads, ginkgoes, conifers, flowering plants

  11. Seedless

  12. Seedless Plants • Whisk Ferns – no roots or stems, reproductive structures on ends of forked branches • Club Mosses – evergreens that produce spores in cones, have roots • Horsetails – jointed stems • Ferns – have underground stem, spores on underside of leaves • Fiddleheads- coiled new leaves

  13. Seed Plants

  14. Vascular Seed Plants • Young plants are called – SEEDLINGS • Two main groups: • Angiosperms • Gymnosperms

  15. Gymnosperms • Bear seeds in cones • Cycads – palm or fernlike leaves, different sexes, cones with seeds • Ginkgoes – fan shaped leaves, different sexes, large fleshy seeds • Conifers – needlelike leaves, cones with seeds

  16. Angiosperms • Flowering plants • Have seed, flower, and fruit • Herbaceous – showy flowers • Shrubs- rose bushes • Vines – grape plants • Trees – oaks, aspen, and birch • Grasses

  17. Monocots • One cotyledon (seed leaf) • Long leaves with parallel venation • Flower parts come in multiples of three • Vascular bundles are scattered • Fibrous root system (discuss later) • Ex. Lilies, irises, orchids, tulips, bananas, pineapples, coconut, grasses

  18. Dicots • Two cotyledons • Broader leaves with net-like venation • Flower parts come in fours or fives • Vascular bundles arranged in a circle • Taproot System (Discuss later) • Ex. Beans, lettuce, oaks, maples, elms, roses, carnations, cactuses.

  19. Flower Part Discussion Label Type of Plant

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