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A Growing Nation: LITERATURE REVIEW

A Growing Nation: LITERATURE REVIEW. “Masque of the Red Death” & “The Raven”. Edgar Allan Poe. “Masque of the Red Death”. Red death- refers to bubonic plague Prince Prospero – happy, fearless, but PARANOID Clock symbolizes inevitability of death (psychological torture)

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A Growing Nation: LITERATURE REVIEW

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  1. A Growing Nation: LITERATURE REVIEW

  2. “Masque of the Red Death” & “The Raven” Edgar Allan Poe

  3. “Masque of the Red Death” • Red death- refers to bubonic plague • Prince Prospero – happy, fearless, but PARANOID • Clock symbolizes inevitability of death (psychological torture) • Prospero dies in seventh chamber • Masked stranger = RED DEATH (supernatural)

  4. “The Raven” • Grief and loneliness (isolation) can lead to madness • Hypnotic effect – reader temporarily abandons notions of reality to accept speaker’s demented vision • Repetition of words • five-line stanzas • meter

  5. Poetic Terms • Alliteration - the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words. • Assonance - the repetition of vowel sounds within words. • Internal rhyme - the rhyming of words within a line of poetry, not just at the end of the lines.

  6. “The Minister’s Black Veil” Nathaniel Hawthorne

  7. Hawthorne • Bothered by guilt of ancestors. • Intolerance & cruelty of the Puritans influenced his writing. • Believed that evil was a dominate force in life. • Gloomy vision of human affairs & matters.

  8. All people are burdened with secret sins yet some choose not to reveal that sin to anyone! • All people truly know sorrow. • There is a contrast with man’s relationship with God and society. • The veil takes on a universal meaning. • The sheer black veil creates an unnatural separation. • Veil starts to work on the villager’s imaginations. • Results reveal true happiness is impossible in an imperfect material world.

  9. Lit Terms • SYMBOL: Something that has meaning in itself while also standing for something greater. • Must analyze the Veil’s symbolic meaning. • Allegory is a story meant to be read on a symbolic level. • PARABLE: Simple , brief story that teaches a moral lesson.

  10. “The Devil and Tom Walker” Washington Irving

  11. Deals with dark side of an individual. • Flaws in character: obsession, greed, disdain, selfishness, untrustworthy, materialism. • Twist of super natural. • Cultural attitudes of New England during 1720’s • Variation of the Faust legend, man sells his soul to the devil in return for earthly benefits: knowledge, power, wealth. • Story illustrated how people can be overcome by greed. • Tom “hurts” his neighbors to gain his wealth. • In the end he tries in vain to reform and save his life.

  12. Lit Terms • 3rd person omniscient – narrator stands outside of story, but is all-knowing • Characterization – technique the writer uses to develop the characters (direct vs. indirect) • Inferences – Conclusions the reader reaches on their own based on hints and background knowledge

  13. The Fireside Poets Henry Wadsworth Longfellow John Greenleaf Whittier Oliver Wendell Holmes James Russell Lowell William Cullen Bryant

  14. Who were they? • First generation of acclaimed poets • Widely read by families near the fireplace • Memorized by schoolchildren • Chose American settings • Borrowed style from English tradition

  15. Lit Terms • Couplet- 2 lines in a stanza • Quatrain- 4 lines in a stanza • Cinquain-5 lines in a stanza • Poetic Image – broader meaning, symbolic, creating a specific mood

  16. “A Psalm of Life” • Recovering from the death of his wife & child. • Urges people to live enthusiastically despite grief, sorrow and death. • Make a mark on the world. • Strength and comfort come from an active, productive life.

  17. “The Tide Rises, The Tide Falls” • Recurring pauses, frequent repetition and refrain, strong metrical rhythm create the breaking waves of the sea. • Endless cycle of tides…life! • Idea is though a person may die, life continues!

  18. “Old Ironsides” • Tribute to the USS Constitution and its role in history. • Speaker wants it to sink at sea rather than suffer demolition. • Nobility and pride • Not OUR place to destroy this great ship

  19. “Thanatopsis” • Meaning “a view of death”. • Everything must die and return to nature. • We are intertwined with nature. • Nature brings joy and comfort to those who love it. • Death should not be feared.

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