U.K.ANANTHAPADMANABHAN PRESIDENT KOVAI MEDICAL CENTER & HOSPITAL COIMBATORE

1. U.K.ANANTHAPADMANABHAN PRESIDENT KOVAI MEDICAL CENTER & HOSPITALCOIMBATORE

2. Energy Audit, Energy Efficiency and use of renewable energy sources in a large hospital Case study in 500 bed Kovai Medical center and Hospital, Coimbatore

3. Power Generated – How does it flow? Where does it go? GeneratingStation 100 units Transmission System – 4% losses 96 units Unavoidable Distribution Losses - 15% Billed to consumer – 53 units 82 units 20% loss Pilferage -35% losses 29 units Energy usefully consumed – 42 units (max.)

4. National Level Statistics-T&D • India has the reputation of having the highest distribution losses in the world with a figure of nearly 47%, ranking above Burma with 36 % losses and Bangladesh at 33 %. • How do we bring these losses down and become an energy surplus Nation?

5. Power Loss Summary Table-India

6. Impact of Power wastage in India At the national level all this wastage adds up to 850 Million units/day against a capacity of 2,116.8 Million Units/day. The cost of setting up a 1000 MW power plant entails a capital cost of approx 5000 Cr. Considering a plant load factor of 0.7, it generates about 16.8 Million Units/day . Transmission cost is another about 3000 Cr.

7. Cost of Power wastage Wastage of 16.8 Million Units/day, requires a capital outlay to the tune of Rs. 8,000 Cr. Wastage of 850 Million Units/day implies a wasteful capital blockage of over Rs. 4,00,000 Crores with a recurring daily loss of over Rs. 250 Cr. and an annual loss of over Rs. 90,000 Cr !

8. Detrimental Environmental effects • Unwanted increase in emissions of smoke and gas from burning of coal. • Increased lead pollution from use of lead-acid batteries in Inverters and UPS systems. • Increased emission of smoke and gas from gensets on account of burning of diesel/ kerosene to take care of power shortages. • Rapid depletion of resources like petroleum and coal. • Besides the higher tariffs which the consumer pays, the country also loses valuable foreign exchange.

9. What is the effect of Stabilizers? • Voltage Stabilisers don’t have efficiencies better than 80%. While a 1.5 Tr AC consumes 2 units; its stabiliser consumes 0.4 units; it even consumes power if left ON when AC is OFF. • Assuming we have 10 Million ACs in India; on account of stabilisers for ACs alone we lose around 4 million units, even during peak hours, which is double the power generated by many large generating stations. • Assuming an AC runs for 5 hours in a day, this means a loss of 20 million units per day.

10. What is the effect of Inverters? • The average efficiency of the domestic inverters is 50% and unlike fuel-based generators, inverters don’t generate power. • There is an estimated 50 million inverters being used for domestic purposes each consuming say 250W/day or 0.25 units. The power drain by inverters is thus to the tune of 12.5 million units. • Further, inverters use lead-acid batteries which severely pollute the environment.

11. Power loss – Pumps & Motors • Pumps/Motors consume roughly 20% of total electricity in India. An estimated 75% of this is consumed by the pumps for agricultural sector mainly for water/irrigation. The balance is for other motor applications. • Most Indian pumps operate at 33% efficiency while motors have an average efficiency of 40%. These cause heavy loss of electrical energy. • Taking usage of 4 units at 4 hours/day, the consumption in this category is over 250 million units/day and the estimated loss is 160 million units/day.

12. Energy Consumption

13. Need for Energy Audit in Hospitals • 75% of the world’s energy is consumed by 20 mega cities around the world • 40% of that in consumed by the buildings • Increasing occupancies by not giving everybody dedicated spaces • Good energy, occupancy, safety/security –management with state of the art technology can provide 30% increase in efficiency *Report by Wim Elfrink, CISCO, Chief Globalization Officer in “The Times of India” on 10th July, 2010

14. Distribution of the energy use in Buildings over the life cycle (5 phases)

15. Basic Principles in Energy Management • Anything that is not measurable or measured can not be controlled . • Saving of energy costs directly results in Higher profitability of organization • Energy savings emanate from Attitudinal change, Knowledge and innovation

16. Energy Conservation Initiatves Energy monitoring Technology up gradation Adapting Newer Technologies Green Building Architecture Paperless Hospital Use of renewable energy sources. Scientific Waste Management Practices Awareness and Motivation Programmes

17. Energy Monitoring System (EMS) Building Monitoring System (BMS)

19. Technology Improvement

24. Air-conditioning Refrigeration

30. Use Compact Florescent Lamps (CFL), T5 Bulbs and LED lighting

32. POWER SAVING IN MERIAN STREET LIGHTING TOTAL NUMBER LIGHT FITTINGS = 22 NOS

33. Power factor improvement

35. INSTALLATION OF APFC PANEL KMCH Electrical Monthly Billing RS. 15,00,000 /-. Cost of APFC panel = 1.5 lacs Incentive > 0.95 PF Penalty < 0.90 PF Static Capacitor Bank = 300 KVAR Variable (APFC) Capacitor Bank=50 KVAR

36. Energy Saver Equipment

37. 300 KVA Coolite energy Saver equipment at KMCH

40. Benefits of CooLite • Energy savings on lighting loads- 10% to 20% direct savings • Filters harmonics injected to the line by electronic lighting ballasts and reduces spikes in lighting circuits • Improves PF • Enhanced lamp life and reduced maintenance cost • Cooler lamp operation • Reduction in maximum demand • Reduced energy consumption • Tax benefits for energy saving investments and 80% depreciation in the first year in India as per Section 32 of the Income Tax Act 1961

41. Coolite -Performance Analysis of Kovai Medical Center & Hospital

42. 12% savings (KW 104) 20% Savings KW 98 By pass -(KW-118)

43. NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

44. SUN SHINE Map

46. Use of flat Panel monitors 150nos

48. Use of Energy Rated Equipment