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LG 546 NEEDS ANALYSIS

LG 546 NEEDS ANALYSIS. Who, what, why, where, when, where………. and more. Needs analysis and communicative language teaching. Needs analysis developed in the 1970s, along with CLA which looked at the context of language use. Language as Interaction>>.

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LG 546 NEEDS ANALYSIS

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  1. LG 546 NEEDS ANALYSIS Who, what, why, where, when, where………. and more..

  2. Needs analysis and communicative language teaching. • Needs analysis developed in the 1970s, along with CLA which looked at the context of language use. • Language as Interaction>>. • Learner use>place>person>purpose • Needs analysis has been particularly associated with the teaching of English for Specific Purposes. • ESP covers a range of language use and needs.

  3. English for Specific Purposes. • English for Law • English for Business • English for Academic Purposes • English for Science • English for Medicine • English for Nursing • English for Military Purposes>>English in situations of conflict (Thorne, SD. 2006. The Language of War. London).

  4. The Situation and the People • There are situation needs (target situation) and the needs of the people taking the course. • The people taking the course, how will they use the language? • Writing essays and Tesco’s. • The goals of the language course, what will the learners need to do with the language? (Learning the 3rd.Pluperfect future form conditional…now what?)

  5. Analyzing the Target Situation. • All the elements of language needed • Professional /work language • Social language • Cultural elements and pragmatics • Non-linguistic elements • Munby, J. 1978. Communicative Syllabus Design • The linguistic requirements of the target situation.

  6. But…… • Target situation analysis does not… • Take the learners’ individual needs into account: • Learner expectations • Course content • Teaching and learning styles • Personal concerns • Cover Sponsors’ needs , Parents, British Council, Workplace • Resources available

  7. What do we mean by Needs? • Learning and Teaching Needs • Class type • Time of Class • Necessities • Wants..what the learners perceive are their needs or wants, not always the same as the teacher’s assumptions of learner needs.

  8. Gathering Information about Target and Learner Needs. • Questionnaires • Interviews • Observations • Texts • Sponsors • More than one may be used. • Needs analysis should not be a one-off event, but a continuous process.

  9. WHY is the language needed? • Study, work, training, a combination of these. • Exam, promotion, status, job security or maintenance. • HOW will the language be used?>>medium, channel, text type. • WHAT will content areas be?>> medicine, literature, commerce, shipping, • WHO will the learner use the language with? Native or Non-Native Speaker, receiver, relationship….. • WHERE? Physical setting, human context. • WHEN>> often, seldom, much, a little.

  10. LEARNING NEEDS • WHY are the learners taking the course? • HOW do the learners learn? • WHAT resources are available? • WHO are the learners? • WHERE will the course take place? • WHEN will the course take place?

  11. A CASE STUDY IN EAP • Gopal, from Nepal wants to take an MA in a UK university. His IELTS score is 6.0. he is being funded by the Nepalese Government, and the British Council. • He must take a pre-sessional course, a one year diploma course, followed by the one year MA, this means he will be absent from his family for 2 years. He would like his wife and child to join him in the UK. • Whose Needs? • Gopal and family • British Council • Ministry of Finance • The Government of Nepal. • The University and staff of the Diploma and MA course.

  12. WHAT ARE GOPAL’S NEEDS? • Understanding fluent English, British accents. • Language conventions • Language functions • Discussions and seminar English • Academic Reading • Understanding lectures and note-taking • Academic writing.

  13. Some books….. • Jordan, R. R. 1997. English for Academic Purposes. CUP. • Hutchinson, T. & Alan Waters. 1987. English for Specific Purposes. 1987. • Manion, M. , L. Cohen & K.Morrison. 2011. Research Methods in Education. Routledge, Falmer. • Belcher, B, et al. 2011. New Directions in English for Specific Purposes. Michigan. • Nation, I.S.P. 2010. Language Curriculum Design. Routledge.

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