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MARC:

MARC:. Beyond the Basics. MARC Review and Intro. What does MARC mean? -- MA chine- R eadable C ataloging MARC terms and their definitions (Next slide) Reviewing older, “tricky” fields Some newer fields and their uses MARC authority control How to find out more about MARC.

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MARC:

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  1. MARC: Beyond the Basics (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

  2. MARC Review and Intro • What does MARC mean? • -- MAchine-Readable Cataloging • MARC terms and their definitions (Next slide) • Reviewing older, “tricky” fields • Some newer fields and their uses • MARC authority control • How to find out more about MARC (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

  3. MARC Terms and Their Definitions • FIELDS (e.g. author, title, physical description, etc.) are marked by TAGS (a 3-digit number) • Some fields are further defined by INDICATORS (numerals) • SUBFIELDS are marked by SUBFIELD CODES (usually a letter) and DELIMITERS • CONTENT DESIGNATORS is an inclusive term used to refer to tags, indicators, and subfield codes (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

  4. Some Less Common MARC Fields (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

  5. The 0XX Fields • 000 -- Leader • 008 -- Fixed length data elements • 022 – ISSN • 034 – Coded cartographic data • 037 -- Source of acquisition • 041 -- Language code • 043 -- Geographic area code • 050 -- Library of Congress call number • 082 -- Dewey classification number The 0XX fields are mostly coded fields which don’t appear in the OPAC. They may, however, be used in important ways by catalog software. Be careful with these fields. (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

  6. Leader (000 Field) • The leader is the first 24 characters of the record. • Each position is assigned a meaning which mostly for computer use • In some programs the leader may be edited if necessary • The most important positions in the leader for editing are the 6th position “type of record,” e.g. language material, cartographic material, etc. and then 8th position “bibliographic level,” e.g. monograph, serial, etc. (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

  7. The 008 Field • Another important field is 008, the Fixed-Length Data Elements, or Fixed Field Codes • Here is where you can encode such information as dates of publication, place of publication, whether a book is large-print, the language of the book, and so on. • For items other than books, this field provides a place to encode information specific to the type of material being cataloged. E.g. for movies and videos, the length of the film and whether it is animated or live action. (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

  8. The 2XX Fields • 240 – Uniform title • 246 – Varying form of title • 255 – Cartographic mathematical data • 263 – Projected publication date • 265 – Computer file characteristics The 2XX fields are title-associated fields which may or may not appear in the OPAC record (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

  9. The 3XX Fields • 306 – Playing time • 310 – Current publication frequency • 321 – Former publication frequency • 362 – Dates of publication and/or sequential designation The 3XX fields are descriptive fields which mostly appear in the OPAC record (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

  10. The 5XX Fields • 505 – Formatted contents note • 508 – Creation/production credit note • 510 – Review sources • 511 – Participant or performer note • 521 – Target audience note • 526 – Study program information note • 530 – Additional physical format note • 538 – System details note • 546 – Language note • 586 – Awards note The 5XX fields are note fields which appear in the OPAC and may be searched only using keywords (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

  11. The 6XX Fields • 630 – SH - Uniform title • 655 – Index term - Genre/form • 658 – Index term - Curricular objective • 69X – Local subject access fields The 6XX fields are subject heading fields which are searchable in the OPAC as subjects (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

  12. The 7XX Fields • 730 – Uniform title • 740 – Series added entry The 7XX fields are added entry fields which are searchable in the OPAC as titles or authors (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

  13. Access Points • Access points are the headings for which separate cards were created for the card catalog, and which a patron or librarian can search in an online catalog • Most of the access points are in: • 1XX fields (main entries) • 4XX fields (series entries) • 6XX fields (subject access) • 7XX fields (other added entries) • 8XX fields (series added entries) (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

  14. Authority Control • The use of established forms for the same access point is called authority control • Is it the “Getty Museum” or the “J. Paul Getty Museum”? • Is it “Twain, Mark” or Twain, Mark, 1835-1910” or “Clemens, Samuel, 1835-1910”? • Determining which form of a particular heading to use is essential for effective and efficient searching of our catalogs • Library of Congress Authorities gives the most comprehensive list of subject heading and for small libraries such as in schools, Sears List of Subject Headings is quite adequate but be careful about differences between the two systems. (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

  15. Local Authority Control • Each library must make many decisions about what form its access points are going to take • The library should also establish appropriate cross-references to established forms from non-used forms, i.e. See references • A final purpose of the authority file is to lead the user from a particular form to various related forms, i.e. See also references (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

  16. Parallel Content • The fields requiring authority control are also fields that use parallel tag construction • The parallel content can be summarized as follows: • X00Personal names • X10Corporate names • X11Meeting names • X30Uniform titles • X50Topical terms • X51Geographic names • X55Genre/form headings (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

  17. Fields in Authority Records • Heading used (1XX) • Heading not used (4XX) • Broader or related headings (5XX) • 150 |aApples. • 450 |aApple trees • 550 |aCooking |xApples. • 550 |aFruit. • 550 |aFruit trees. (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

  18. Example of a Geographic Authority • Heading used • Heading not used • Broader or related headings • 151 |aHawaii. • 451 |aHawaiian Islands • 551 |aUnited States. • 551 |aIslands of the Pacific. • 550 |aIslands. (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

  19. A Special Case: The X55 Field • The X55 field, Genre/Form Subject, is a special case • This field is relatively new but more and more records are appearing with this field • Sears seems to ignore the use of the field • What is GSAFD? • Guidelines on Subject Access to Individual Works of Fiction, Drama, Etc. gives a list of genre and form headings • Also be aware of the subfield “v” for form subdivisions of subject headings (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

  20. References Access to many online resources discussed in this presentation, as well as the presentation itself, are available online: http://rhslibrary.org/cataloging_aids.htm The chief source of information for this presentation is MARC Standards. Available online: http://www.loc.gov/marc/. (C) 2006, Tom Kaun

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